| Term | Definition |
| Initiating and orienting: | Proposing goals, activities, or plans of action; defining the group's position in relation to the goal. ("Let's get started by assigning ourselves tasks to complete before the next meeting." |
| Giving Information: | Offering facts, information, evidence, or personal experience relevant to the group's task. ("Last year, the library spent $50,000 replacing stolen books.") |
| Questioning/Seeking Information: | Asking for facts, information, evidence, or relevant personal experience. ("John, how many campus burglaries were reported last year?") |
| Opinion giving: | Stating beliefs, values, and judgments; drawing conclusions from evidence. ("I don't think theft of books is the worst problem facing our library.") |
| Clarifying Ideas: | making ambiguous statements clearer or interpreting issues. ("I could support that as long as the cost isn't outrageous, meaning it is less than $10,000.") |
| Summarizing: | Reviewing what has been said previously; reminding the group of items previously mentioned or discussed. ("So by next week, Delores will have the costumes made and Noel will have cast members committed to the play.") |
| Elaborating: | Expressing judgments about the relative worth of information or ideas; proposing or applying criteria. ("Here are three problems I see with the production: . . .") |
| Consensus testing: | Asking if the group has reached a decision acceptable to all; suggesting that agreement has been reached. ("We seem to all agree that we do not have enough men for the parts and it is okay for me to find women for those parts.") |
| Suggesting procedures: | Suggesting a method or procedure to follow. ("Why don't we try brainstorming to help us come up with something new and different?") |