ch. 1
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Created by:
claire_labove on August 31, 2012
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Description:
psychology
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 pyschology | the study of behavior and mental processes |
| Behavior | is any action that others can observe or measure |
| cognitive activities | unobserved mental processes like thought, sensation, etc... |
| theory | is a statement that is an attempt at explaining why things are the way they are and occur the way they do |
| basic research | research that has no immediate application and is done for its own sake |
| introspection | an examination of one's own thoughts and feelings |
| structuralism | founded by Wihelm Wundt, that maintains that conscious experience breaks down into objective sensations and subjective feelings |
| functionalism | founded by William James, that emphasizes the purposes of behavior and mental processes |
| Gestalt psychology | emphasizes the tendency to organize perceptions into meaningful wholes |
| behaviorism | founded by John Watson, that defines psychology as the scientific study of observable behavior |
| psychoanalysis | founded by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives and conflicts as determinants of human behavior |
| biological perspective | the psychological perspective that emphasizes the influence of biology on behavior |
| cognitive perspective | the viewpoint that emphasizes the role of thought processes in determining behavior |
| humanistic perspective | the psychological view that assumes the existence of the self and emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and the freedom to make choices |
| learning perspective | the psychological point of view that emphasizes the effects of experience on behavior |
| social-learning theory | the theory that suggests that people have the ability to change their environments or to create new ones |
| sociocultural perspective | its the perspective that focuses on the roles of ethnicity, gender,culture and socioeconomic status in personality formation, behavior, and mental processes |
| psychoanalytic perspective | the perspective that stresses the influences of unconscious forces on human behavior |
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