bio205 MICROBIAL GENETICS
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10 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Genome | The sum of all genetic material in a cell or virus |
| Gene | A specific sequence of nucleotides that codes for a polypeptide or RNA molecule |
| Chromosome | A molecule of DNA associated with a protein. In prokaryotes, typically circular and localized in a region of the cytosol called the nucleoid. In eukaryotes, chromosomes are threadlike and are most visible during mitosis and meiosis |
| Plasmid | A small circular, molecule of DNA that replicates independently of the chromosome. Each carries genes for its own replication and often for one or more nonessential functions such as resistance to antibiotics. |
| Nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acid |
| Histone | Globular protein found in eukaryotic chromosomes |
| Genotype | Genotype |
| Phenotype | The physical features and functional traits of an organism expressed by genes in a genotype. |
| Codon | Triplet of mRNA nucleotides that codes for specific amino acids. For example AAA, is the codon for lysine. |
| Anticodon | Anticodon |
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