| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Minoans | first civilization of the greek world on the island of Crete |
| Minoans | very wealthy inhabitants who love to trade rather than war |
| Minoans | master builders; indoor plumbing and palaces were built by them |
| Minoans | they traded wheat, olive oil, and wine |
| 1000 years | the civilizations on crete lasted for around how many years until it was destroyed by 2 key events |
| Mycenaeans | conquered crete in around 1450 bc |
| minoans | volcano caused lava, flood and earthquake destroyed what type of civilization |
| Sir Arthur Evans | what english archeologist began excavating the palace of knossos? |
| traders | like the minoans the mycenaeans were master builders of palaces, roads, canals and they were also... |
| mycenaeans | they were considered the first true greeks hundreds of years after the end of their civilization |
| dark age | during 1100 - 800 BC the mycenaean world was falling apart, a time of great unrest and hardship, a period called the... |
| dorians | pirates, plunderers, who spoke greek that invaded the mycenaeans |
| phoenician | toward the end of the dark ages the greeks began to write again and began to use... |
| iron | this began to be used in making tools and weapons |
| 776 BC | first olympic games were held in... |
| polis | center of activity or trade |
| monarchy | king with council of noblemen |
| tyranny | one man who takes power by force |
| aristocracy | govt run by the nobility |
| oligarchy | ruled by the few |
| democracy | ruled by the people |
| athenians | believed that the wealthy should support the poor, the arts and govt |
| athenians | believed in strength for the body and mind |
| athenian code of honor | includes attributes such as excelling in all areas and the human life is the most precious object |
| acropolis | large flat-topped rock |
| agora | central market place; the great meeting place where many great temples still remain |
| parthanon | famous building dedicated to the goddess athena |
| athenian fleet/navy | athen's pride; enabled trade and convenient for defense |
| trireme | the supreme fighting ship of the athenian navy; a wooden battleship powered by 170 oarsmen, with 3 levels on each side |
| sparta | a city laid on a plain on the Peloponnese and the state was known for the strict treatment of its people |
| lycurges | the first ruler of sparta, created the attic helmet |
| battle of marathon | fought against persia; now iran, |
| hoplites | soldiers in armor in the battle of marathon |
| pheldippides | man who ran to sparta to ask for support for the athenians during the battle of marathon |
| pericles | great athenian leader during the golden age; died with unknown reason |
| peloponnesian war | war the broke out between the spartans and the athenians because sparta fear athenian domination of greece |
| golden age | era of peace and great accomplishments under the reign of pericles |
| alexander the great | macedonian king phillips son, who ruled during the hellenistic era |
| hellenistic period | lasted for 300 years until its kingdom was swallowed up by the roman empire |
| archimedes | greatest math magicians of the ancient world; engineer; solid object always displaces its own volume in water |
| eratosthenes | first to proclaim world was round; scholar in astronomy, geography, mathematics, and philosophy |
| democritus | first to develop theory that world was made up of atoms; atomic theory |
| pythagoras | most famous for his math theorem; relationships between sides of a right triangle; set up a secret community where people study |
| hippocrates | father of medicine; doctors must have high standards and follow code of conduct |
| socrates | got ppl to question religious beliefs; accused of corrupting the youth and at 70 was forced to drink hemlock as suicide |
| plato | student of socrates; wrote the republic; offers ideas of how a govt should run |
| aristotle | student of plato; first to divide learning into different subjects |
| aeschylus | designed first theater; first to write trilogies; introduced 2nd actor/chorus; emphasized religion; belief in fatalism-->god control man |
| euripides | man controlled man; free will |
| sophocles | introduced 3rd main character; man works out his own destiny but under the guidance of heaven w/ its law and faith |
| aristophanes | humor; greek comedy writer |
| homer | 1st and greatest greek poet; wrote Iliad and the oddessy |
| herodotus | father of history; sort out facts from legend; aim to preserve the memory of the past |
| sapphos | well known female poet who ran a school of women poets |
| oracle of delphi | place in greece where crack was found on the ground and whomever breathes the steam can foresee the future |
| apollo | temple of what god was built on the crack in the oracle of delphi |
| pythia | 3 priests that can inhale the steam |
| dianaisus | god of wine; one of the famous festivals |
| strophe | talking and singing of choruses from the right to the left |
| antistrophe | talking and singing of choruses from the left to the right |
| episode | equivalent to a modern scene |
| stasimon | song that foreshadows the end of a scene |
| choregus | leader or main speaker of the chorus; patron of the play |
| hubris | pride that gets you in trouble; excessive pride |
| catharsis | cleansing of emotions |
| dramatic irony | audience knows something that the character does not |
Combine with other sets
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