Nursing Theorists
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62 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Florence Nightingale | Person is influenced by the environment = overall theme |
| Florence Nightingale | Nursing = a calling to help patients in a repetitive process directly working with the patient or by affecting the environment to improve health or recovery from illness |
| Virginia Henderson | 14 basic needs basic nursing care involves 14 activities: physiological, spiritual and sociological. Pay attention and listen to person |
| Dorothy Johnson | Behavioral systems Behavioral subsystems: attachment, dependency, ingestive, eliminative, sexual, aggressive, achievement |
| Dorothy Johnson | the nurse assesses the client's needs in these subsystems. When the client is stressed the subsystems are disrupted. The nurse provides care to resolve problems in the subsystems to meet the patient's needs. |
| Imogene King | Goal-Attainment the goal of nursing is to use communication to help the client reestablish positive adaptation to the environment |
| Imogene King | grouped her theory into health concerns in three systems: social, personal, interpersonal |
| Imogene King | Theory of goal attainment: behavior>return behavior>disturbance>set goal> agree on goal>help attain goal |
| Ida Jean Orlando | Dynamic nurse-patient relationship |
| Ida Jean Orlando | a model revolving around 5 interrelated concepts: the function of professional nursing the presenting behavior of the patient the immediate reaction of the nurse the nursing process improvement for the patient |
| Myra Levine | Theory of conservation = holistic |
| Myra Levine | Her idea was that we need to help the person conserve energy; structural integrity; personal integrity; and social integrity |
| Myra Levine | believed nursing is a discipline the basis of which is the person's dependence and relation to others |
| Myra Levine | health = the ability to maintain integrity |
| Lydia Hall | Nursing is the Care, Core and Cure |
| Lydia Hall | Depicted by circles Care Circle Core Circle Cure Circle |
| Madeleine Leininger | Cultural Diversity and University |
| Madeleine Leininger | Caring is a universal phenomenon but varies transculturally |
| Madeleine Leininger | Level 1 - the worldview and social systems Level 2 - the individuals, families, groups and institutions Levels 3 - folk systems, professional systems and nursing Levels 4 - decisions and actions |
| Josephine Patterson and Loretta Zderad | Humanistic Theory |
| Josephine Patterson and Loretta Zderad | Nursing focus shifts from technical towards the humanness of both the nurse and the patient |
| Josephine Patterson and Loretta Zderad | Nursing is a lived human act, a response to a human situation |
| Josephine Patterson and Loretta Zderad | 4 major concepts: person, environment, health and nursing |
| Jean Watson | Human Caring |
| Jean Watson | Caring is a moral ideal and entails the body[mind-soul engagement with one another |
| Jean Watson | 7 assumptions about the science of caring: it can be demonstrated and practiced it results in satisfying human needs it promotes health it accepts the person as is gives the person choices to act on his own is healthogenic covers more of the person than curing; it is central to nursing |
| Rosemarie Parse | Human becoming |
| Rosemarie Parse | created a new way to look at man, health, environment and nursing. Health and meaning are co-created by indivisible human and their environment; nursing involves having patines share views of meaning |
| Rosemarie Parse | her goal of nursing focuses on the quality of life from the client's perspective |
| Rosemarie Parse | the decision making should be from the client not the nurse |
| Rosemarie Parse | talks about rhythmicity, phenomena and transcendence in there person's life |
| Dorothea Orem | Self-care activities are what people do on their own behalf to maintain health and well-being; the goal f nursing is to help clients meet their own therapeutic self-care demands |
| Dorothea Orem | theory of Self care theory of self care deficit theory of nursing systems |
| Sister Calista Roy | Adaptation |
| Sister Calista Roy | humans are adaptive systems that cope with change through adapation |
| Sister Calista Roy | nursing helps patients' adaptation during health and illness |
| Sister Calista Roy | basic assumption - the person is a bio-psycho-social person |
| Sister Calista Roy | stress is produced by the environment |
| Sister Calista Roy | coping behaviors have to be used the goal of nursing is to promote adaptation by managing the environmental stimuli |
| Betty Neuman | Health Care Systems |
| Betty Neuman | each person is a complete system; the goal of nursing is assist in maintaining client system stability |
| Betty Neuman | types of stressors - interpersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal |
| Betty Neuman | Three types of prevention - preventative, corrective, and rehabilitative |
| Betty Neuman | lines of resistance - internal factors that defend against stressors |
| Betty Neuman | nursing helps the person when stressors occur |
| Martha Rogers | unitary human beings theory |
| Martha Rogers | unitary human beings are irreducible, four-dimensional, negentropic energy fields |
| Martha Rogers | energy fields have no boundaries, are open, have patterns and the patterns change |
| Martha Rogers | the purpose of nursing is to help all people achieve maximum well being |
| Faye Abdellah | Patient Care Approach |
| Faye Abdellah | 21 nursing problems - promotes problem solving approach to practice Physiological needs safety needs belonging and love needs esteem needs |
| Ernestine Wiedenbach | Nursing theory prescriptive |
| Ernestine Wiedenbach | central purpose - the philosophy, culture, individuality of the patient and nurse |
| Ernestine Wiedenbach | prescription - the interactive plan of care for the patient |
| Ernestine Wiedenbach | realities - the patient, nurse, environment, goals, etc |
| Ernestine Wiedenbach | nursing observes, ministers and validates |
| Hildegard Peplau | Interpersonal relationship |
| Hildegard Peplau | orientation - patient seeks assistance from nurse identification - patient responds to nurse who intervenes to assist exploration - patient uses services offered resolution - therapeutic relation ends |
| Margaret Newman | health as expanding consciousness |
| Margaret Newman | health encompasses conditions described as illness (the precursor of the health illness continuum) |
| Margaret Newman | removal of pathology in itself will not change the pattern of the individual |
| Margaret Newman | Health is the expansion of consciousness |
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