| Term | Definition |
|---|
| cell | a membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life |
| stimulus | anything that affects the activity of an organism, organ or tissue |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a stable internal environment |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction in which two parents are required to produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents |
| DNA | hereditary material that controls all the activities of a cell, contains the information to make new cells, and provides instructions for making proteins |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| metabolism | the combined chemical processes that occur in a cell or living organism |
| producer | an organism that uses sunlight directly to make sugar |
| consumer | an organism that eats producers or other organisms for energy |
| decomposer | an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms and consuming or absorbing the nutrients |
| protein | a biochemical that is composed of amino acids; its functions include regulating chemical reactions, transporting and storing materials, and providing support |
| carbohydrate | a biochemical composed of one or more simple sugars bonded together that is used as a source of energy and to store energy |
| lipid | a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, including fats and oils; they store energy and make up cell membranes |
| phospholipid | a molecule that forms much of a cell membrane |
| nucleic acid | a biochemical that stores information needed to build proteins and other nucleic acids; made up of subunits called nucleotides |
| ATP | molecule that provides energy for a cell's activities |
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