| Term | Definition |
| Mid-Ocean Ridge | The undersea mountain range where the new ocean floor is produced, a divergent plate boundary. |
| Sonar | A system that dertmines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves. It gets its name from sound navigation and ranging. |
| Sea Floor Spreading | The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor. |
| Subduction | The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary. |
| Deep Ocean Trench | A deep valley along the ocean floor though which oceanic crust slowly sinks toward the mantle. |