| Term | Definition |
|---|
| meniscal tear | twisting injury, fall, degenerative (elderly can get it standing up!) |
| meniscal tear | trauma of femur/tibia |
| meniscal tear | locking, catching, popping, pain with twisting/squatting. tenderness over joint line |
| meniscal tear | young = surgery (longitudinal = best prognosis); degenerative = RICE |
| MCL tear | valgus stress; can involve multiple structures/ligaments |
| MCL tear, grade 1 (5mm) | conservative WB |
| MCL tear, grade 2 (10mm) | 2 wks crutches, then limited WB |
| MCL tear, grade 3 (15mm) | surgery if unstable |
| LCL tear, grade 1 (5mm) | WB |
| MCL tear | usually involved with unhappy triad; dx with MRI |
| LCL tear, grade 2 (10mm) | limit WB for 3 wks |
| LCL tear, grade 3 (15mm) | surgery |
| ACL tear | valgus stress + twisting + hyperextension |
| LCL tear | varus stress + twisting or hyperextension of knee |
| ACL tear | instability and pain; cxr shows segond sign (avulsion); MRi shows obliterated fibers |
| ACL tear | hamstring or patella arthroscopy; patella = more chance of OA |
| PCL tear | hyperextension |
| PCL tear | instability; sag sign present |
| osteochondral defect | twisting, impact, squatting; radiographs negative |
| osteochondral defect | NWB for up to 6 months; NSAIDs may slow healing; or surgery |
| rotator cuff tear | impingement sign and drop test positive; use MRI to dx |
| rotator cuff tear | surgery, , muscle transfers (lats => supraspinatus), synthetic grafts (massive tear), reverse shoulder prothesis (massive tear + arthritis) |
| slap lesion | positive o'briens and speed test. MRI with contrast to dx. |
| AC arthritis | pain with crossing over of affected arm d/t loss of cartilage |
| biceps tendonitis | injury/repetitive trauma, aggravated by flexion of elbow and arm. positive speeds and yergason test |
| biceps tendonitis | PT; steroids => risk of rupture |
Combine with other sets
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