| Term | Definition |
| Irony | Irony is the contrast between what is expected or what appears to be what is actually is |
| Verbal Irony | The contrast between what is said and what is actually meant |
| Irony of Situation | This refers to a happening that is the opposite of what is expected or intended |
| Dramatic Irony | This occurs when the audience or reader knows more than the characters know |
| Tone | the author's attitude, stated or implied, toward a subject |
| Mood | The climate of feeling in a literary work |
| Symbolism | A person, place or object which has a meaning i itself but suggests other meanings as well. |
| Theme | The main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work. The author's observation of life or human nature |
| Conflict | is the essence of fiction. It creates plot, by posing a problem. |
| Man versus Man | Conflict that pits one person against another |
| Man versus Nature | A run-in with the forces of nature |
| Man versus society | The values and customs by which everyone else lives are being challenged |
| Man versus self | Internal conflict. Not all conflict involves other people. Sometimes people are their own worst enemies. |