| Term | Definition |
| Irony | Irony is the contrast between what is expected or what appears to be and what actually is |
| Verbal irony | the contrast between what is said and what is actually ment |
| Irony of situation | This refers to a happening that is the opposite of what is expected or intended |
| Dramatic irony | This occurs when the audience or reader knows more than the characters know |
| Tone | The authors attitude stated or implied toward a subject |
| Mood | The climate of feeling in a literary work |
| Symbolism | a person place or object which has a meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well |
| Theme | The main idea or underlying meaning of literary work. The authors observation of life or human nature |
| Conflict | is the essence of fiction it creates plot by posing a problem |
| man versus man | conflict that pits one person against another |
| man versus nature | a run-in with the forces of nature |
| man versus society | The values and customs by which everyone else lives are being challenged |
| man versus self | internal conflict not all conflict involves other people sometimes people are their own worst enemies |