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bacteria smallest organisms on earth, one-celled organisms cell membrane a flexible structure that holds the cell together helps control what goes in and comes out of the cell cell wall in plant cell only; it is the structure outside of the cell membrane that helps support and protect the plant cell chloroplasts green organelles that take in light energy to make food for the plant during photosynthesis nucleus controlsl most of cell's activities - contains hereditary material like the chromosomes, DNA mitochondria converts food energy into energy the cell can use where cellular respiration takes place organism living thing chromosomes found in the nucleus; contain DNA that determines the traits an organism will have cytoplasm gelatin-like substance that contains many chemicals that the cell needs (2/3 is water) organ different types of tissues working together from organs; Ex: stomach, heart, kidneys organ system groups of organs that work together to do a certain job; Ex: digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system organelle specialized cell parts that move around in cytoplasm and perform activities that are necessary for life - each has a different job Tissue groups of similar cells that alldo the same sort of work vacuole stores food waste and water photosynthesis process that makes food for the plant DNA determines traits Cells 1. all living things are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. Cells are made by other living cells muscle cells (animal cell) long cells with fibers that can contract and relax bone cells (animal cell) surrounded by calcum and phosphorus skin cells (animal cell) protect the inside of the body nerve cells (animal cell) long cells with many branches in order ro receive and deliver messages quickly fat cells (animal cell) store large amounts of fat for energy root cells (plant cell) do not contain chloroplasts stem cells (plant cell) long cells and tube-shaped to mave water and other materials through the plant leaf cells (plant cell) contain amny chloroplasts