Neuroscience
About this set
Created by:
kschaffer on October 30, 2009
Subjects:
Description:
covers terms from our brain unit
Classes:
What would you do for a Klondike Bar, Sciences, hst/principles, Jawbreakers2015, Heineman group for 7th grade, Sciency Stuff (Oh Yeah its Technical) (see more)
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Central Nervous System | consists of the brain and spinal cord |
| Peripheral Nervous System | the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body |
| Cerebral Cortex | outer layer of the cerebrum consisting of gray matter, responsible for higher mental functions (cortex = bark) |
| Cerebellum | part of the brain that controls balance and body motion |
| Neurons | A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system |
| Motor neurons | neurons that carry outgoing information from the CNS to the muscles and glands |
| Sensory neurons | neurons that carry incoming information from the senses to the CNS |
| Temporal lobe | that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying inside the temples of the head |
| Frontal lobe | part of the cerebrum that is associated with motor movement and personality |
| Parietal lobe | part of the cerebrum that registers sensory inputs |
| Occipital lobe | part of the cerebrum that receives and interprets visual information |
| Brain stem | regulates vital functions such as breathing, heart rate and blood pressure |
| Dendrites | short fibers that branch out from the cell body and pick up incoming messages |
| Axon | long nerve fiber that conducts away from the cell body of the neuron |
| Myelin sheath | white fatty covering that insulates the axon and speeds up transmission process |
| Axon terminals | branches at the end of the axon |
| Neurotransmitters | chemicals that transmit information from one neuron to another |
| Synapse | the junction between two neurons (axon-to-dendrite) |
| Cell body | provides energy for the cell |
| Reticular activating system | controls wakefulness/consciousness |
| Hypothalamus | acts as a control center for recognition of hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and body temperature |
| Corpus Callosum | the fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres |
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