| Term | Definition |
| character foil | a character who, though often significantly alike another character in some ways, is strongly contrasted with him in other areas in order to highlight the differences between the two |
| character foil (alt) | a character who represents a sharp contrast with the protagonist and thus serves to stress and highlight the protagonists distinctive temperament |
| cultural setting | A situation which arises out of the customary practices of the culture in which a story, play or poem is set. |
| dramatic irony (alt) | (theater) irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play |
| dramatic irony | a type of irony whereby some event occurs, or some character acts, in a way that is unexpected, unintentional, unsuitable or unideal, and may even be the opposite of these things |
| foils | a pair of characters, events, settings, or other literary elements which are set up in artistic contrast to one another in order to highlight their significant differences |
| irony | a device of artistic contrast , often involving inversion or incongruity |
| physical setting | a geographical place or physical space in which a story, play, or poem is set |
| poetic justice (alt) | an outcome in which virtue triumphs over vice (often ironically) |
| poetic justice | a literary device whereby goodness succeeds or is rewarded, and evil fails or is punished |
| setting | a location or situation in time, space, and culture which forms the background for a stry, play, or poem is set |
| verbal irony | a type of irony that occurs when a speaker or a character in a story speaks in a way that does not match what the audience knows is true (incongruity) or is the opposite of what he means (inversion) |
| irony (alt) | incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs |
| verbal irony | the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning |