| Term | Definition |
|---|
| topographic map | a kind of map that illustrates with great accuracy the vast amount of physical and cultural features on the earth's surface. |
| map scale | the ratio of distance between two points on a map compared to the same points on the earth. |
| contour line | a line on a map connecting points of equal elevation. |
| contour interval | change in elevation between two contour lines on a topographic map. |
| hachure marks | these lines when found on a contour line indicate a hollow or depression. |
| township | an area of land which is 36 square miles. |
| baseline | measurement line from which tiers are laid out. |
| principal meridian | line on a map from which ranges are measured east or west. |
| range | vertical column of townships. |
| tier | horizontal row of townships. |
| section | an area of 1 square mile in a township. |
| elevation | distance above sea level. |
| bench mark (BM) | a marked, measured point of elevation. |
| 15 minute series | these maps show 1/4th of a degree of latitude of longitude. (1 degree = 60 minutes or 1 hour) |
| 7 1/2 minute series | these maps show 7 1/2 minutes of latitude and longitude. |
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