Mrs. Owens Anatomy & Physiology Cell Vocab
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29 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Connective | tissue that provides support and connects body parts |
| Epithelial | tissue composed of layers of closely spaced cells that cover organ surfaces, form glands, and serve for protection, secretion, and absorption |
| Columnar | epithelial tissues composed of tall, elongated cells |
| Squamous | flat epithelial cells |
| Stratified | arranged in layers |
| pseudostratified | one layer of epithelial cells that looks like it consists of multiple cell layers |
| Matrix | the body substance in which tissue cells are embedded |
| Muscular | of or relating to or consisting of muscle |
| Bone | rigid connective tissue that makes up the skeleton of vertebrates |
| Adipose | Pertaining to fatty tissue throughout the body |
| Gland | A cell, group of cells, or organ of endothelial origin that selectively removes materials from the blood, concentrates or alters them, and secretes them for further use in the body or for elimination from the body. |
| Nucleus | a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
| DNA replication | the process of making a copy of DNA |
| Cancer | any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division |
| Cytoplasm | A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended |
| Phospholipid | any of various compounds composed of fatty acids and phosphoric acid and a nitrogenous base. |
| Cell membrane | a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell |
| Golgi apparatus | A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell |
| Ribosomes | non membrane bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | organelle that transports materials inside the cell |
| diffusion | process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
| active transport | transport of a substance (as a protein or drug) across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient |
| passive transport | transport of a substance across a cell membrane by diffusion |
| osmosis | diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal |
| pH | A value that indicated the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale of 0-14, based on the proportion of H+ ions. |
| negative feedback | mechanism of homeostasis that tends to stabilize a process by reducing its rate or output |
| positive feedback | mechanism of homeostasis feedback that tends to magnify a process or increase its output |
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