| Term | Definition |
| Shaw vs. Reno | drawing majority-minority districts is still Gerrymandering; districts must be compact, contiguous, and representative of similar interest (ex: all rural or all suburban) |
| Gerrymandering | state lesilature districts drawn to favor one group (and thus, hurting another) |
| voting rights act | makes sure people aren't Gerrymandering, because states have to submit residistricting maps to dept. of justice |
| Baker vs. Carr | state legislature districts had to be redrawn every 10 years |
| Wesburry vs. Sanders | US congressional districts had to be redrawn every 10 years |
| malapportionment | making districts diff sizes |
| Budget and impoundment control act | 1. sets the budget calender 2.creates CBO 3. say pres cannot impound funds (pres. can't withhold $ that congress has already appropriated) |
| Gramm, Rudman, Hollings Act | pres. cannot sequester (cut off programs when they are out of money); pres. can't do this, b/c it was congresses job to set budget |
| Budget enforcement act | sets upo PAYGO system: if you want to create something new, $ has to come from somewhere |
| balanced budget amendment | appropriation bills cannot exceed budget res. unless *3/5 of each house votes for it during times of peace |