Set: Nuclear Energy

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All 14 terms

TermDefinition
alpha particle2 protons + 2 neurtons escape from nucleus, atomic # drops 2 and atomic mass drops 4.
beta particleshigh energy electron from nucleus caused by decay of a proton or neurton; atomic # up 1 or down 1, but no mass change. Element #6 --> carbon 14.
gamma radiationelectro-magnetic energy of highest frequency. The higher the freq., the more damaging. Not particles like alpha or beta, but energy.
half-lifetime needed for half of the isotope to decay to daughter
nuclear fissionheavy element absords a slow neutron to become unstable and then splits.
moderatorused to slow a neurtron down (carborn, deuterium water etc) in nuclear fission
critical massrequired to maintain chair reaction in nuclear fission
nuclear reactorsheat used to make steam to run electrical turbines. Steam must be kept in a closed system to prevent radiation leaks.
control rodsusually Cadmium, Boron, or Graphite; slows reaction in nuclear reactors by absorbing neutrons.
High Level Waste Disposal Act of 1982the U.S. Dept of Energy sought to escavate a tunnel in the Yucca Mountain, making a cavern to store barrels of nuclear waste. A geological repository.
Chernobyl, UkraineSite of the 1986 nuclear reactor blast that killed many and left much radiation that caused many to become ill with cancer and other diseases.
Radiation threats1. reactor accident and leak; 2. exposure at processing facility; 3. transportation accident; 4. exposure at storage facility 5. nuclear terrorism and theft
Exposure to radiationdosage of exposure in "rems" (roentgen, equivalent man); 1000 rems=death; >600=vomiting, hemorrhage, death 10 days; >250=loss of hair, damage marrow, 50% die; 150-250=strong adults survive, fetus die; 50-150=minor acute damage, abortion, genertic damage to offspring.
Health hazards from special isotopesSr90 (strontium) behaves like Ca in bone; Pt (Plutonium) clusters in bone; Cs137 behaves like K (potassium; muscle, neurons); I 131,129 absorbed by thyroid; Rn breathed into lungs.

Set Information

Terms 14
Creator madamiec
Created November 3, 2009
Groups None
Subject environmental science
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Most Missed Words

  1. Exposure to radiation dosage of exposure in "rems" (roentgen, equivalent man); 1000 rems=death; >600=vomiting, hemorrhage, death 10 days; >250=loss of hair, damage marrow, 50% die; 150-250=strong adults survive, fetus die; 50-150=minor acute damage, abortion, genertic damage to offspring. - 5 misses
  2. High Level Waste Disposal Act of 1982 the U.S. Dept of Energy sought to escavate a tunnel in the Yucca Mountain, making a cavern to store barrels of nuclear waste. A geological repository. - 5 misses
  3. critical mass required to maintain chair reaction in nuclear fission - 4 misses
  4. Health hazards from special isotopes Sr90 (strontium) behaves like Ca in bone; Pt (Plutonium) clusters in bone; Cs137 behaves like K (potassium; muscle, neurons); I 131,129 absorbed by thyroid; Rn breathed into lungs. - 4 misses
  5. nuclear reactors heat used to make steam to run electrical turbines. Steam must be kept in a closed system to prevent radiation leaks. - 3 misses
  6. control rods usually Cadmium, Boron, or Graphite; slows reaction in nuclear reactors by absorbing neutrons. - 2 misses
  7. Radiation threats 1. reactor accident and leak; 2. exposure at processing facility; 3. transportation accident; 4. exposure at storage facility 5. nuclear terrorism and theft - 1 miss