| Term | Definition |
| Biotechnology | The ways that humans apply biological concepts to produce products and provide services. |
| Biotic | An environmental factor related to or produced by living organisms. |
| Carbon chemistry | The science of the composition, structure, properties and reactions of carbon based matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems; sometimes referred to as organic chemistry. |
| Closing the loop | A link in the circular chain of recycling events that promotes the use of products made with recycled materials. |
| Commodities | Economic goods or products before they are processed and/or given a brand name, such as a product of agriculture. |
| Composting | The process of mixing decaying leaves, manure and other nutritive matter to improve and fertilize soil. |
| Construction technology | The ways that humans build structures on sites. |
| Consumer | 1) Those organisms that obtain energy by feeding on other organisms and their remains. 2) A person buying goods or services for personal needs or to use in the production of other goods for resale. |
| Decomposer | An organism, often microscopic in size, that obtains nutrients by consuming dead organic matter, thereby making nutrients accessible to other organisms; examples of decomposers include fungi, scavengers, rodents and other animals. |
| Delineate | To trace the outline; to draw; to sketch; to depict or picture. |