Speech and Language
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Created by:
MrsGriffin on November 3, 2009
Description:
Speech and Language mid term terms
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34 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 phonology | how sounds are organized and used in natual languages |
| orthology | method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols |
| morphology | ananlysis and desciption of the structure of words (words as units in the lexicon) |
| syntax | the study of the rules for the formation or grammatical sentences, the grammatical arrangement of words in sentences |
| semantics | the study of linguistic development by classifying and examining changes in meaning and form |
| pragmatics | social use of language, situational context; includes knowledge and beliefs of speakre and realtion between speaker and listener |
| discourse | usually oral language |
| receptive language | listening and reading |
| expressive language | output: speaking and writing |
| phonetics | study of speech sounds, their production, transmission, reception and their analysis, classification and transcription |
| phonology | study of the ditribution and patterns of speech sounds in a language and the tacit rules governing punctuation |
| phonological awareness: umbrella | word analysis; rhyme awareness; compound words; syllable awareness; alliteration;onset and rime |
| phonetic awareness | the ability to notice, think about, and work with individual sounds in spoken words |
| number of phonemes | 40-46 |
| number of consonant sounds | 25 |
| number of basic vowel sounds | 15 |
| number of "R" controlled sounds | 3 |
| "R" controlled sounds | (ar/car); (er/her;ur/fur;ir/stir); (or/for) |
| Difference 'tween phonetics and phonological awareness | phonetics is understanding that there is a relationship tween phonemes and graphemes ; phon. awareness is the understanding that the sounds of spoken lang. work toge. to make words |
| grapheme | smallest written representation of speech sounds: man = /m/ /a/ /n/ |
| alphabetic principle | written words are composed of letters and those letters correspond to segments of spoken words |
| vowel | speech sounds made with vocal track open; nothing to stop the sound |
| vowel diphthong | a vowel sound that glides in the middle, giving the impression that the vowel has two parts; example: boy, shout, now.. They are the "whiners" |
| consonant | require the most obstrction to produce them |
| co-articulation sounds | sounds are spoken together so that the separted segments are not easily dedected |
| allaphone | a sound varient of a phone |
| classification of consonants | 1. based on articulation; manner of articulation (obstructed or not obstructed);vocal chords used or not |
| how are speech sounds made? | lips, tongue, throat, glottits / vocal chords |
| schwa | short, non distinct, unaccented vowel sound (alone, agree, envelope) |
| Elkonian boxes | help to visualize the # of sounds in a spoken word |
| onset | the first sound in a word or syllable |
| rime | the rest of the sound of a syllable |
| importance of rhyme | 1. being able to distiguish the similarities of sound; 2. being able to hear the initial sound |
| how can you tell if a child is able to hear a phone | give minimal pairs (?) |
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