| Term | Definition |
| trait | a characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring |
| heredity | the process of passing traits from parent to offspring |
| adaptation | a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment (it gives them an advantage in competition for food) |
| behavior | the way an organism responds to its environment |
| structural adaptation | adaptation that affects an organism's body parts or color (colors, thorns, smell of flowers) |
| behavior adaptation | behaviors that help an organism survive |
| variation | each individual is slightly different (different traits) |
| instinct | a complex pattern of inherited behavior (spin a web, make a nest, migrate) |
| mutation | permanent change in a gene or chromosome |
| natural selection | species best adapted to its environment is most likely to survive |
| evolution | change in a species overtime |