| Term | Definition |
| states' rights | the belief that an individual state may restrict federal authority |
| nullify | show to be invalid |
| sedition | an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority and tending to cause the disruption or overthrow of the government |
| alien | a person who comes from a foreign country |
| caucus | A private meeting of members of a political party to select candidates. |
| implied powers | powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution |
| partisan | devoted to a cause or party |
| impressment | the act of coercing someone into government service |
| neutrality | nonparticipation in a dispute or war |
| tariff | a government tax on imports or exports |
| unconstitutional | not consistent with or according to a constitution |
| national debt | the debt of the national government (as distinguished from the debts of individuals and businesses and political subdivisions) |
| cabinet | persons appointed by a head of state to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers |
| bond | a certificate of debt (usually interest-bearing or discounted) that is issued by a government or corporation in order to raise money |
| precedent | an action or decision that later serves as an example |