| Term | Definition |
|---|
| gentry | people who own land and have high social standing but no titles of nobility |
| divine right of kings | the belief that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule, and that rebellion against them is a sin |
| Parliament | the national legislative body of nobles and elected representative in England |
| democracy | a system of government in wich power is vested in the people |
| Restoration | the historical period during which the monarchy was returned to England under Charles II |
| Bubonic Plague | a deadly disease spread by the fleas on infected rats |
| persecute | to hurt or harass a group of people, in this case for their religion |
| treason | the crime of betraying one's own country |
| aristocrat | a member of the upper, or noble, class |
| coronation | the ceremony or act of crowning a ruler |
| dissenter | any Protestant who refused to belong to the church of England |
| galleon | a large Spanish sailing vessel, used as a warship or trader |
| Spanish Armada | strong navy of Spain defeated by the English in 1588 |
| Sir Francis Drake | England's naval leader |
| Roundheads | a group in favor of Parliament |
| Cavaliers | a group in favor of the king |
| Oliver Cromwell | the main leader of Parliament in 1642 |
| "Glorious Revolution" | 1688 - James II gave up the throne and William and Mary took the throne |
| Restoration Period | the house of Stuart was restored to the English throne |
| Queen Elizabeth I | ruled England for 45 years and was interested in the arts and drama |
| Henry VIII | broke from the Catholic church and started the Church of England |
| Mary Queen of Scots | escaped and was then exectued by Queen Elizabeth; she was Queen Elizabeth's cousin and the Catholic daughter of Hennry VIII. She tried to bring england back to being Catholic and was known as "Bloody Mary". |
| Charles I | he was beheaded at his own palace in January 1649; he had a Catholoic wife from France |
| progresses | Queen Elizabeth went on journeys to escape hot dirty and smelly London, and went to houses of nobles for dinners; this was an honor for the nobles. |
| Spanish aramada defeated because ______ | a storm came up and blew many ships ahore, the English ships were smaller and faster, and the Spanish weren't planning a sea battle, they had planned to fight on land. |
| King James I | believed in the divine right of the kings and wanted to keep the protestants and Catholics at peace. He held a conference with both religions in 1604; it was decided that a new version of the Bible was needed. |
| Jamestown | 1607 - English colonists settled in Virginia and named their colony after King James I |
| Charles II | called the "Merry Monarch" began rule after Cromwell died in 1660; time of his reign is called the Merry Olde England; during his reign the bubonic plague broke out and 68,000 died; Charless II converted to Catholicism on his deathbed |
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