| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What is the difference in a gene, chromosome, and DNA? | genes consist of DNA and are located in one or more chromosomes |
| What is the difference in asexual reproduction?What are the phases of each? Which is prokaryotic/eukaryotic? | Mitosis is asexual reproduction/prokaryotic Meiosis is sexual reproduction/eukaryotic |
| How many chromosomes does a prokaryote have? | one |
| What is a nucleoid? | irregular shaped area not membrane bound |
| Explain binary fission | sexual reproduction in which prokaryotes go through/ meiosis |
| What is the difference between chromatin and chromatid | chromatin is tangled mass of thin fibers/chromatid is two halves of a chromosome |
| How many pair of chromosomes does a human have? How many total? | 23 46 |
| What is haploid and diploid? | haploid is when one type of each chromosome is present/diploid is when two types of the chromosome is present |
| Where is the centromere located? | In between the two sister chromatids |
| What are sister chromatids? | one of 2 genetically identical chromosomal units that are the result of DNA replication and are attached to each other at the centromere |
| What is mitosis> Describe the initial cell and the final cells | process in which a parent nucleus produces 2 daughter nuclei each having the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent nucleus |
| what is daughter chromosomes? | two sister chromatids that have seperated at the centromere |
| What does somatic mean? | body |
| What is a centrosome and what does it form? Describe each | central microtubule organizing center of the cell/ spindle fibers composed of microtubles |
| prophase | first stage of mitosis, during which the cell's chromatin condenses into chromosomes |
| prometaphase | when chromosomes attach to spindle fibers as they align the metaphase plate |
| metaphase | when chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate |
| anaphase | when 2 sister chromatids seperate at the centromere and give rise to 2 daughter chromosomes |
| telophase | when the spindles disappear and the nuclear envelope forms around the daughter chromosomes |
| How can you determine how many chromosomes you have | count your centromeres |
| kinetochores | specialized protien specialist that form on each side of the centromeres |
| ctyokenesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| describe a cleavage furrow | indentation due to the pinching of the cytoplasm |
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