Chapter 2 AP US History 1
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31 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Roanoke | Established in 1587. Called the Lost Colony. It was financed by Sir Walter Raleigh, and its leader in the New World was John White. All the settlers disappeared, and historians still don't know what became of them. |
| Croatoan | only clue left behind as to what happened to the Roanoake colony; carved in a tree |
| Walter Raleigh | Received a charter from Queen Elizabeth I to explore the American coastline. His ships landed on Roanoke, which became a "lost colony." |
| Virginia Dare | first English child born in America |
| L'Anse aux Meadows | an island off of Newfound land and was discovered by Eric the Red in 1001 |
| Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service |
| Black Death | the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe |
| Crusades | a series of military expeditions in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Westrn European Christians to reclain control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims |
| Renaissance | the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world |
| Prince Henry "The Navigator" | (1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire. |
| Caravel | A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic. |
| Bartolomeu Dias | Portuguese explorer who in 1488 led the first expedition to sail around the southern tip of Africa from the Atlantic and sight the Indian Ocean. |
| Vasco De Gama | A Portugese sailor who was the first European to sail around southern Africa to the Indian Ocean |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506) |
| Isabella and Ferdinand | King and Queen of Spain that financed Columbus's trip. |
| Reconquista | the effort by Christian leaders to drive the Muslims out of Spain, lasting from the 1100s until 1492. |
| Elizabeth 1 | (1533-1603) Queen of England from 1558 to 1603; a skillful politician and diplomat, she reasserted Protestant supremacy in England. |
| Francis Drake | English privateer who led British fleet against the Spanish Armada. |
| Giovanni de Verrazano | (1485?-1528?) Italian explorer of the Atlantic coast of North America. |
| Henry VIII | English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval) |
| Huguenots | French Protestants |
| Jacques Cartier | French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence river and laid claim to the region for France (1491-1557) |
| John Cabot | Italian explorer who led the English expedition in 1497 that discovered the mainland of North America and explored the coast from Nova Scotia to Newfoundland (ca. 1450-1498) |
| John Clavin | the most important protestant reformer to follow Martin Luther. he preached predestination (the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation) |
| Martin Luther | A German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. |
| Philip II | son of Louis VII whose reign as king of France saw wars with the English that regained control of Normandy and Anjou and most of Poitou (1165-1223) |
| Ponce De Leon | Explored Florida looking for the Fountain of Youth |
| Protestantism | the theological system of any of the churches of western Christendom that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation |
| Sea Dogs | English sea captains authorized to raid Spanish ships and towns |
| Spanish Armada | The Spanish fleet that attempted to invade England, ending in disaster, due to the raging storm in the English Channel as well as the smaller and better English navy led by Francis Drake. This is viewed as the decline of Spains Golden Age, and the rise of England as a world naval power. |
| St. Augustine | First spanish settlement. Florida 1565 |
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