vitamins
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57 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 A, D, E, K | fat-soluble vitamins |
| SRBP, CRBP, RABP | proteins that transfer vitamin A from the liver to tissues |
| antioxidant, vision | functions of vitamin A |
| zymogen | inactive form of a protein |
| night blindness, keratomalacia and defective epithelialization | symptoms of vitamin A deficiency |
| retinaldehyde | beta-carotene is converted into ____ by B-carotene dioxygenase |
| retinol or retinoic acid | retinaldehyde is converted into either ____ or ____ |
| cis- | activated retinal has all cis or all trans double bonds? |
| retinal | retinol is converted into _____ by retinal isomerase |
| vitamin A | an overdose of which vitamin might cause teratogenic effects? |
| vitamin D | what vitamin is not normally required from diet? |
| kidney | the active form of vitamin D is produced in the ____ |
| increase Ca absorption from GI and incorporation of Ca into bone | function of vitamin D |
| rickets in kids, osteomalacia in adults | vitamin D deficiency causes |
| hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria | symptoms of vitamin D toxicity |
| antioxidant | function of vitamin E |
| vitamin E | tocopherol is known as _____ |
| 2, 7, 9 and 10 | vitamin K is important in the synthesis of what coagulation factors |
| intestinal microflora | source of vitamin K in body |
| bleeding disorders | vitamin K deficiency can cause ______ |
| vitamin K antagonist | warfarin is a ______ |
| oxalate stones | excess intake of vitamin C can lead to ____ |
| scurvey | deficiency of vitamin C can lead to _____ |
| artherosclerosis, coronary artery disease and cancer | antioxidant properties of vitamin C are involved in prevention of ____, _____ and _____. |
| vitamin c | production of collagen is a function of what vitamin? |
| cysteine | what amino acid is involved in the binding of Zn ions? |
| Copper | excess Zn can cause a deficiency in what other metal? |
| superoxide dismutase | Zn increases the activity of what enzyme? |
| maintanence of skin, wound healing, spermatogenesis and testosterone metabolism | what are some functions of zinc metal ion |
| growth retardation, skin lesions, impairment in sexual development | deficiency in zinc ion can cause ____, ____ and ____ |
| cytochrome oxidase, superoxide dismutase, lysyl oxidase | Copper is associated with the function of what enzymes (3)? |
| anemia, neutropenia, degeneration of vascular tissue and bleeding, alteration of hair structure, skin depigmentation | deficiency in copper ion can cause what? |
| hemolysis, damage to liver and brain cells | what are some symptoms of acute copper toxicity |
| cirrhosis | chronic excessive intake of copper can cause ____ |
| wilson's disease | disease that is associated with the inability of body to synthesize ceruloplasmin leading to chronic accumulation of copper in the liver |
| zinc | skins lesions are associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | skin depigmentation is associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | alteration of hair structure is associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | neutropenia is associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | anemia is associated with a deficiency in what metal ion? |
| copper | degradation of vascular tissue with bleeding is associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | cirrhosis is associated with an excess intake of what vitamin/metal? |
| copper | hemolysis is associated with _____ toxicity |
| copper | excess intake of ____ can interfere with Fe and Zn |
| copper | _____ toxicity can cause damage to brain and liver cells |
| vitamin E | neurologic symptoms are associated with a deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| vitamin E | hemolytic anemia is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin? |
| Zinc | growth retardation is caused by deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| Zinc | impairment in sexual development is caused by deficiency in what vitamin/metal? |
| vitamin A | ______ toxicity can cause bone pain |
| vitamin A | ______ toxicity can cause nausea |
| vitamin A | ______ toxicity can cause diarrhea |
| vitamin A | ______ toxicity can cause dermatitis |
| vitamin A | ______ toxicity can cause hepatosplenomegaly |
| hemolytic anemia and neurologic symptoms | deficiency in vitamin E can cause |
| parathyroid gland | vitamin D is activated by the ____ |
| Ca | low levels of ____ stimulate production of vitamin D |
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