Thornton History Vocabulary (terms & how it is related back to the book)
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Created by:
anneclaire26 on November 8, 2009
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 cartographer | mapmaker, Because Henry the Navigator brought them all together so that they could map from the coast of Africa seeking a passage way to the spice islands |
| astrolabe | instrument used to determine the latitude by measuring the position of the stars, It allowed the sailors to calculate the distance from the equator |
| caravel | improved of sailing ship in the 1400s, Different types of sails & a ruder & it was more moveable |
| scurvy | a disease caused by lack of vitamin C in someone's diet, this was a problem for sailors |
| circumnavigate | travel all the way around the Earth, Magellan |
| viceroy | representative who ruled one of Spain's provinces in the America's in the King's name; one who governed in India in the name of the British monarch, the Spanish King set up the Council of the Indies to pass laws for colonies |
| plantation | A large estate run by an owner or overseer and worked by laborers who live there, sugar canes & it was a problem finding enough workers to work on the properties to make the ________ profitable was a major problem |
| encomienda | right the Spanish government granted its American colonists to demand labor or tribute from Native Americans, Las Casas & the conquistadors used this so that they could force Native Americans to work under the most brutal conditions |
| peon | worker forced to do labor for a landlord in order to pay off a debt, The landlords then advanced them for food, tools, and/or seeds creating debts that workers could never pay off in their lifetime |
| peninsular | member of the highest class in Spain's colonies in America, \ |
| creole | Person in Spain's colonies in Americas who was an American born descendant of Spanish settlers |
| mestizo | person in Spain's colonies in the Americas who was of native American and European descent |
| mulatto | in Spain's colonies in the Americas, person of African and European descent |
| privateer | pirate, Sir Frances Drake stole treasure (gold and silver) from the Spanish and gave it to the English |
| conquistador | name for the Spanish explorers who claimed lands in the America's for Spain in the 1500s and 1600s, 1. Cortes- Mexico- conquered Mexico capital City- Tenochtitlan (conquered the Aztecs) 2. Pizaro- South America |
| immunity | natural protection against disease; When the Europeans came to America they gave their germs to the Native Americans & they died because they didn't have immunity |
| alliance | formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one another's defense; 1. Cortes formed alliance in Mexico- Malinche |
| civil war | war fought between two groups of people in the same nation; 1. Inca's fought a civil war when Pizarro came |
| missionary | someone sent on a religious mission, Sammuel de Champlain |
| revenue | money taken in through taxes, French King Louis XIV |
| compact | an agreement; the Mayflower Compact |
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