| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Standard Definition: NTSC | Resolution: 525 interlaced scan lines, FPS: 29.97, Raster: 720x486 non-square pixels |
| Standard Definition: PAL | Resolution: 625 interlaced scan lines, FPS: 25, Raster: 720x576 non-square pixels |
| Horizontal Sync (Horizontal line synchronizing pulses) | Tells electron beam in monitor where to begin each line. If missing, picture becomes unsteady. |
| Color Reference Burst (burst) | 3.58 MHZ sine wave that is the reference for hue and saturation. Without it, black and white image. |
| Composite Video | Travels through one wire |
| Component Video | Maintain the signal as three distinct parts: Luminance (Y), Hue (R minus Y), Chrominance (B minus Y). Cleaner to edit with analog, but more expensive and more complicated. |
| NTSC Overscan | NTSC is overscanned by monitors. All that is broadcast is not seen: 10% of the image along the edges is not visible on most TVs, and type is not readable within 20% of the edge due to curvature of the screen |
| DTV | DTV is not always HDTV. Many flavors of HDTV are in the specifications. Most DTV formats are 16:9. Majority receive DTV via cable and satellite. |
| HDTV | First established as an acquisition format. Later adoption in broadcast. |
| HDTV Flavors (1920x1080i) | 1920x1080i, 59.94/1920x1080i, 50/1920x1080p, 23.976/1280x720p, 59.94 |
| Color space | Video and computers work in different color spaces. The video signal defines color in terms of YUV (Y, R-Y, B-Y). Computers and all other electronic devices define colors in terms of RGB. Color resolution is determined by the number of bits assigned to each pixel. There is not a 1:1 mapping of colors from one space to another. Each time the signal is translated from one color space to another, the image is subjected to artifacting. |
| Capturing baseband video | NLE converts YUV signal to RGB. RGB data is placed in a file. File header contains metadata (codec, frame rate, raster size) |
| ATSC | Supports 3 rasters (720x480, 1280x720, 1920x1080)/Supports multiple framerates (29.97 - most common, 23.976, 59.94)/For broadcast: 1080 must be interlaced (today), 720 is progressive to 59.94fps |
| HD - 720p | Used by ABC, FOX |
| HD - 1080i | CBS, NBC, most other networks |
| Offline Editing | Creative decisions are made. Lower resolution formats. Less attention to technical details |
| Online Editing | Conforms the offline to a finished master. No editorial decisions are made. Attention is paid to details such as video levels and color correction. |
| Offline Editing Process | First assembly - rough story structure, possible sound bites selected and ordered. Rough cut - sequences begin to take shape, b-roll is inserted. Fine cut - program is almost to time, graphics and music decisions are finalizing. Picture lock - the last offline cut. Show is to time. All creative decision have been made. |
| Linear Editing | Done on videotape. Editor must work sequentially. |
| Non-linear editing. | Done in computer. Editor is bound to work sequentially. Non-linear isn't new: cutting film is non-linear. |
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