| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Genetics | The study of Heredity |
| Mendel | First person to study genetics |
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| Traits | Characteristics |
| Alleles | Different versions of a gene |
| Dominant Trait | Trait that is expressed even if present with another allele |
| Capital letter | Used to represent a dominant trait |
| Recessive Trait | Trait that is not expressed when present with a dominant gene |
| Lower Case Letter | Used to represent a recessive trait |
| Punnett Square | Diagram used to predict the outcome of a cross |
| Genotype | Genetic makeup of an individual |
| Phenotype | Physical expression of genes |
| Homozygous | Having two of the same allele |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait |
| TT | Homozygous dominant genotype |
| Tt | Heterozygous genotype |
| tt | Homozygous recessive genotype |
| True-breeding | organisms that always produce offspring with the same trait |
| Hybrid | Another name for heterozygous |
| F1 | First generation of offspring |
| F2 | Second generation of offspring |
| P | Parents of a cross |
| Law of segregation | A pair of alleles separates during the formation of gametes |
| Law of independent assortment | Alleles separate independently of one another during the formation of gametes |
| Molecular Genetics | Study of the structure and function of genes |
| Monohybrid | Cross involving one set of traits |
| Genotypic ratio | Ratio of genotypes that appear in offspring |
| Phenotypic ratio | Ratio of phenotypes that appear in offspring |
| Test cross | Cross performed to determine the genotype of an unknown organism |
| Complete dominance | One allele is dominant over a recessive allele |
| Incomplete dominance | Inheritance in which a heterozygous individual has a phenotype that is between the homozygous phenotypes |
| Codominance | Inheritance in which both alleles are express in heterozygous individuals |
| Sex-linked Trait | Trait located on the sex chromosome |
| Autosomal Trait | Trait located on a non-sex chromosome |
| Anti-body | Protein found in the plasma that fights off foreign material |
| White Blood Cell | Fights off infection |
| Red Blood Cell | Carries oxygen |
| Platelets | Pieces of cells that clot blood |
| Plasma | Liquid part of the blood |
| Antigen | Proteins located on the surface of cells |
Combine with other sets
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