First Aid
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97 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 First Aid | help of a victim before a professional arrives |
| Golden Hour | after the incident happens, the hour you have to save the victim |
| Good Samaritan Law | as long as you don't go past your training, you can't get sued |
| Jeopardy | legal responsibility- can't leave the victim until higher help comes |
| When does jeopardy de-attach? | 1) too tired 2) not a safe environment 3) hand over to a higher level 4) victim is stable |
| What are the 3 different types of consent? | Implied- don't have to ask. under age of 18 or adult is unpaired. Inform- 18 or older; they say NO, inform them of consequences. Expressed- need to ask permission |
| What are the vital signs you look for? | Pulse and Respiration (60-100) |
| Rapid heart rate | Tachycardia 100+ and Bradycardia -60 |
| 2 major categories of death | Presumptive and Definitive |
| Presumptive signs | no pulse, no respiration, no pain response, no blood pressure |
| Definitive signs | mortal trauma, head cut off, stiffness in the body |
| What is BSI? | Body Substance Isolation - gloves/mask/goggles |
| What does AVPU mean? | Awake, Alert, Painful-Stimulus, Unconscious, Unresponsive |
| What are 2 ways to access a patient? | Palpation-assessment through touch Auscultation- assessment through sound |
| What does ABC's stand for? | Airway Breathing Circulation |
| What does PEERL stand for? | Pupils equal, round, reactant to light |
| What does PMS stand for? | Pulse, motor skills and sensation |
| What does SAMPLE stand for? | S- signs and symptoms A- M- any Meds? P- Past relevant history L- Last oral intake E- Events that led up |
| What is the difference between a sign and a symptom? | Sign- can see, observe or measure Symptom- patient has to tell you. PAIN |
| What does DCAPBTLS mean? | D- Deformities C- Contusions A- Abrasions P- Punctures B- Burns T- Tenderness L- Lacerations S- Swelling |
| EMS Network (in order) | 1-Citzen Responder 2- 911 3- 1st responder 4- EMT's/Paramedics 5- Transport 6- Hospital |
| EAP- Emergency Action Plan | 1- Survey scene (safety) 2- Primary survey (breathing, major bleeding) 3- Call 911 (if necessary) 4- Secondary survey (broken bone, bruising) |
| Prone | Flat on stomach |
| Supine | Flat on back |
| Recovery | On the side |
| Fowler's | semi reclining position. (chest pain, breathing difficulties, pregnant) |
| Shock/ Trendel Henburg | On back/legs elevated |
| Quadrant- Upper Right | Liver, galbladder |
| Quadrant- Upper Middle | Stomach, pancreas |
| Quadrant- Upper Left | Spleen |
| Quadrant- Lower Right | Appendix, small intestine |
| ALL QUADRANTS | Colon, large intestine |
| Spinal Column | 5 regions, 33 vertebra |
| Cervical | 7, C1-C7 |
| Thoracic | 12, T1-T12 |
| Lumbar | 5, L1-L5 |
| Sacrum and Coccyx | 9, SC1- SC9 |
| Arteries | Oxygen Away from heart Larger Higher blood pressure Rapid bleeding Red brighter |
| Veins | CO2 To the heart Smaller Lower blood pressure Slower bleeding Darker red |
| Major Arteries | 1- Aorta (longest and strongest) 2- Brachial (upper arms, biceps & triceps) 3- Radial 4- Femoral (below waist) 5- Carotid (carries blood/oxygen to the brain) |
| Femur | Largest in body/ from hip to hip |
| Patella | kneecap |
| Tibia | Shin bone/ weight barring bone |
| Fibula | not a weight barring bone |
| Talus | ankle bone |
| Calcaneous | heel bone |
| Phalanges | hands, fingers, feet and toes |
| Carpals | wrist bones |
| Metacarpals | hand bones |
| Tarsals | tarsus of the foot |
| Metatarsals | foot bones |
| Sternocleidomastoid | support/rotation of head |
| Deltoids | shoulder |
| Trapezius | neck muscles |
| Latissimis dorsi | back muscles |
| Bicep | front |
| Tricep | bottom |
| Pectoralis major | chest |
| Abdominals | abs |
| Gluteous maximus | butt |
| Quadraceps | upper front of leg |
| Hamstrings | back of leg |
| Gastrocnemius | calf muscle |
| Anterior | frontal |
| Posterior | backside |
| Superior | going towards head |
| Inferior | below, going down |
| Mid-Line | separates 2 equal parts |
| Mid- Auxillary | armpits |
| Mid- Clavicular | clavicle (collarbone) |
| Medial | middle |
| Lateral | to the side |
| Abduction | <---- |
| Adduction | -----> |
| Dorsal | back |
| Ventral | front or abdomen |
| Palmar | palms up |
| Plantar | palms down |
| Proximal | near/close |
| Distal | distant/further away |
| Muscles and Bones | provides protection and creates movement |
| Cartilage | connected tissue, reduce friction |
| Tendons | muscle to bone |
| Ligaments | bone to bone at a joint |
| Joints | where bones connect |
| Cranium | skull bone |
| Orbitals | eye socket |
| Zygomatic | cheek bone |
| Mandible | jaw bone |
| Maxilla | upper and lower mouth bone |
| Mastoid process | bone behind ear |
| Sternum | breast bone |
| Xyphoid process | bone below sternum |
| Clavical | collar bone |
| Scapula | shoulder blade |
| Humerus | elbow to shoulder |
| Radius | thumbs side |
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