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unconstitutional what the Supreme Court rules if something is against the Constitution unanimous in complete agreement George Mason father of the "Bill of Rights" economics how a nation decide who gets what RESOURCES; $$ Capitalism Free Market economy; winner-takes-all; used in USA states The Articles of Confederation gave power to the ________ national / federal The Articles of Confederation created a weak ____________ Virginia Plan idea that said a state's representatives should be based on its population New Jersey Plan idea that thought each state should have an equal number of representatives bicameral two houses Great Compromise the agreement to combine two plans and create a bicameral legislative branch House of Representatives this side of the legislative branch has representative's based on a state's population Senate this side of the legislative branch has an equal number of representatives from each state 2 number of Senators from each state Congress the word used to describe BOTH the House of Representatives and the Senate 3/5 Compromise how the Constitutional Convention decided to handle slavery, made each slave worth part of the state's population Federalists these people wanted a strong central government and were in favor of the Constitution Antifederalists were worried that the Constitution did not have a Bill of Rights or gave too much power to the national government Federalists Papers collection of writings about why states should ratify the Constitution impeach the Legislative branch can "check" on the Executive Branch by _________ the president President Head of the Executive Branch 9 Number of Supreme Court Justices 2 years how long a representative serves 4 years how long a president serves 6 years how long a senator serves 35 years old how old you have to be to be president 25 years old how old you have to be to be a representative unconstitutional if the Supreme Court reviews a law and finds it isn't in the Constitution, the law is declared _______________ judicial review the process that the Supreme Court uses to judge on laws and cases Executive the branch that ENFORCES the laws Judicial the branch that INTERPRETS the laws Legislative the branch that MAKES laws 1st amendment that protects freedom of speech, religion, press, and petition 2nd amendment that protects right to bear arms 4th amendment that prohibits unresonable searches 8th amendment that protects against cruel and unusual punishment 10th amendment that grants power to the states if it is not in the US Constitution Bill of Rights the first 10 amendements 1st the article of the Constitution that addresses the legislative branch 2nd the article of the Constitution that addresses the executive branch 3rd the article of the Constitution that addresses the judicial branch 4th the article of the Constitution that addresses the rights of states and how states can join the union 5th the article of the Constitution that addresses how to amend the Constitution James Madison considered the father of the Constitution veto if the president rejects a bill, it is called a _______ committee the first place a bill goes on it's way to becoming a law anarchy NO government, no control, total freedom republic government where people vote for REPRESENTATIVES who make decisions for them; also vote for President (Head Executive) parliamentary government where people vote for representatives; the POLITICAL PARTY in control picks their PRIME MINISTER (Head Executive) monarchy government ruled by 1 FAMILY (king, queen, emperor, chief, etc) theocracy government ruled by 1 RELIGION totalitarian government ruled by 1 specific PARTY; total control of country dictatorship government ruled by 1 PERSON democracy government where EVERYONE has a say in issues oligarchy government where a SMALL GROUP of ELITES make decisions totalitarian government where only ONE person or group makes the decisions authority who makes the decisions Socialism economic system where government controls parts of the economy and private enterprise runs other parts Communism type of economy where the GOVERNMENT runs everything government how societies and nations decide who will rule libel untruthful WRITTEN comments that harm a person's reputation slander untruthful ORAL comments that harm a person's reputation fallacy argument that does not make logical sense, but appears to be right ad hominem fallacy - attacking the person and not the issue appeal to emotions fallacy - using words to invoke feelings to get attention away from the issue bandwagon fallacy - creates the impression that everyone is doing it and so should you false cause fallacy - assumes a cause and effect relationship that is not true hasty generalization fallacy - draws a conclusion about a population based on a small sample red herring fallacy - presents an irrelevant topic to divert attention away from original issue scare tactic fallacy - creates fear as evidence to support a claim testimonial fallacy - use of celebrity to endorse a product or idea glittering generarlity fallacy - using words or phrases that sound wonderful but can not be proven true electoral college the process the US uses to elect president 538 total number of electoral votes available during a Presidential Election 270 the "magic number" needed to win a Presidential Election