| Term | Definition |
|---|
| centromere | connects two chromatids |
| telocentric | non human chromosome, no p arm |
| metacentric | centromere in the middle of the chromatids |
| acrocentric | very short p arm; q arm is more than 2/3 size of total chromosome |
| submetacentric | centromere close but not precisely in the middle of the chromatids |
| haploid | one set of chromosomes; ex sex cells |
| diploid | two pairs of chromosomes; ex body cells |
| somatic cells | body cells produced by mitosis |
| gametes | sex haploid cell produced from meoisis |
| chiasmata | point where non sister chromosomes touching resulting in crossing over of traits of the chromosome |
| crossing over | point of genetic variation which takes place during metaphase in which chromatids break off and reattach to a different chromosome |
| kinetochore fibers | fibers which attach chromosomes to spindle fibers |
| polar fiber | connect the centrioles to one and other |
| histone | protein that coils dna |
| mitosis | growth and repair |
| mitosis | 2 diploid cells |
| meiosis | 4 haploid cells used for reproduction |
| spermatid | produced by spermatogenesis |
| ootid | produced by oogensis |
| polar bodies | small by product in female animals result of second x? |
| karyotype | picture of chromosomes arranged largest to smallest |
| duplication | one or more genes copied during replication |
| inversion | gene defect in which a string of genes breaks off then reattaches in reverse order ex) abcd -> dcba |
| deletion | 1 or more genes in deleted during replication |
| trisomy | three of one chromosome |
| monosomy | one copy of chromosome |
| homologue | pair of chromosomes |
| autosomes | all chromosomes except sex chromosomes |
| interphase | G1, S, G2 phases; cell grows and Dna is replicated; Dna in chromatin form and unable to see |
| prophase | dna in chromosome form, spindle fibers form, nucleolus disappears, centrioles at poles |
| metaphase | sister chromatid line up across spindle equator |
| anaphase | sister chromatids seperate and move toward poles, dna now chromososmes |
| telophase | reverse of prophase, chromosomes invisible, nucleus appears |
| cytokinesis | final step to cell division, cytoplasm splits in unorganized process |
| ploidy | chromosome number |
| tetrad | linking of homologous chromosomes, 4 stranded structure |
| synapsis | process of linking the homologous chromosomes |
Combine with other sets
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