Sociology-Chapter3: Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 socialization | the lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture |
| personality | a person's fairly consistant patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling |
| id | Freud's term for the human being's basic drives |
| ego | Freud's term for a person's conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives with the demands of society |
| superego | Freud's term for the cultural values and norms internalized by an individual |
| sensorimotor stage | Plaget's term for the level of human development at which individuals experience the world only through their senses |
| preoperational stage | Plaget's term for the level of human deveopment at which an individuals first use language and other symbols |
| concrete operational stage | Plaget's term for the level of human deveopment at which an individuals first see casual connections in their surroundings |
| formal operational stage | Plaget's term for the level of human deveopment at which an individuals think abstractly and critically |
| self | George Herbert Mead's term for the part of an individual's personality composed of self-awareness and self-image |
| looking-glass self | Charles Horton Cooley's term for self-image based on how we think others see us |
| significant others | people, such as parents, who have special importance for socialization |
| generalized other | Mead's term for widespread cultural norms and values we use as a reference in evaluating ourselves |
| peer group | a social group whose members have interests, social positions, and age in common |
| anticipatory socialization | learning that helps a person acheive a desired position |
| mass media | the means for delivering impersonal communication to a vast audience |
| gerontology | the study of ageing and the elderly |
| gerontocracy | a form of social organization in which the elderly have the most wealth, power, and prestige |
| ageism | prejudice and discrimination against older people |
| cohort | a category of people with something in common, usually their age |
| total institution | a setting im which people are isolated form the rest of society and controlled by an administative staff |
| resocialization | radically changing an inmate's personality by carefullt controlling the environment |
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