Chapter 8
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annradford on November 16, 2009
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26 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Wilderness Road | The trail cut by Daniel Boone over Appalachian Mts. to Kentucky |
| republic | The people choose representative for them. |
| Articles of Confederation | 1st plan for a national government developed at the 1776 Continental Congress |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | Surveyors staked out six mile square plots called Townships. |
| Northwest Territory | Included land from the states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota |
| Northwest Ordinance | Described how the new territory would be governed, and set conditions for settlement. |
| Shay's Rebellion | Rebels take over a Massachusetts courthouse and farmers won the sympathy of many people. Showed weakness in Articles of Confederation |
| Constitutional Convention | The meeting in Philadelphia that was described as, "An assembly of demigods" by Thomas Jefferson. |
| James Madison | Father of the Constitution |
| Patrick Henry | He said he "smelled a rat in Philadelphia, tending toward monarchy". |
| Edmund Randolph | Presented the Virginia Plan |
| William Patterson | Presented the New Jersey Plan |
| James Madison quote | Said, "If men were angels, no government would be necessary." |
| Virginian Plan | Plan that proposed two houses both based on population. |
| New Jersey Plan | Plan for one house and representation would be equal for all states. |
| Great Compromise | Compromise that settled the issue of representation in Congress - the Senate would give each state equal representation, and the House of Representatives would have representation based on on state's population |
| Three-Fifths compromise | Compromise that settled the issue of how to count slaves in the southern states. Three-fifths of the slave population would be counted when setting direct taxes on states and the three-fifths ratio would be used to determine representation in the legislature. |
| Executive Compromise | Compromise that settled the election of a the president |
| Federalism | System of government in which power is shared between the central government and the states. |
| Federalists | People who supported the Constitution |
| Anti-Federalists | People who were against the Constitution |
| John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison | The three men who wrote The Federalist Papers. |
| Patrick Henry and George Mason | Two men who refused to sign the Constitution until a Bill of Rights was added |
| Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments to the Constitution |
| Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation | 1. Lacked power to enforce laws (no power to put down rebellions) 2. Lacked power to levy taxes (no way to raise money for roads, schools) 3. Lacked power to regulate trade among states (made trade difficult between states because of taxes on goods as they passed through each state) 4. Required all 13 states to approve changes in the Articles (made it difficult to make any changes in laws) |
| Strengths of Articles of Confederation | 1. Governed nation during the American Revolutionary War (raised army, paid soldiers) 2. Negotiated the Treaty of Paris at end of war (established independence from Britain and set boundaries for US) 3. Passed the Land Ordinance of 1785 - (townships and free public education) 4. Passed the Northwest Ordinance how new territory settled and settlers' rights (Outlawed slavery, guaranteed freedom of religion, trial by jury) |
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