Health Assessment Test 1
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48 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Subjective Data | What the person says about himself or herself. - Includes Health History |
| Objective Data | What you observe through measurement, inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. - Includes Physical Examination |
| Symptoms | Subjective sensation that the person FEELS from the disorder. |
| Sign | Objective abnormality that you as the examiner could detect on physical examination or diagnostic test. |
| Purpose of Health Assessment | to gather information from the patient, it facilitates problem-solving. |
| Types of Assessments | - Initial - Focused - Emergency - Ongoing |
| Initial Assessments | Assessment that is based on first look and used to review everything |
| Focused assessment | Assessment that is based on the reason for seeking care. It is focused on one point |
| Emergency Assessment | Assessment that may not get much information. It may only allowed a few seconds. |
| Ongoing Assessment | Assessment that is done when seeing a patient you have met with before. |
| Seven Attributes of a Symptom | - Location, Quality, Quantity or Severity, Timing, Setting, Factors that make it better/worse, and Associated manifestations |
| Stethoscope | Used to evaluate sounds created by the cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal |
| Types of Stethoscopes | - Acoustic - Magnetic - Electronic |
| Parts of Acoustic Stethoscope | - Bell: for low pitched sounds abnormal heart sounds: extra sounds,murmurs. The deeper the cup, the more low pitched sound you hear. - Diaphragm: For High Pitched sounds Used for breath sound; heart and bowel sounds. - If the Diaphragm does not fit, turn it over and use the bell |
| Correct Position of Stethoscope | Place it between index and middle finger. |
| Penlight | - used as transilluminator - useful for inspecting oral cavity, illuminating sinuses, and masses |
| Ophthalmoscope | - Used to inspect eye structures: retina, choroid, Optic Nerve Disk, Macula, Retinal Vessels |
| Light Colors | - Small White Light - Large white Light - Green light - Blue Light - Grid - Slit Light |
| Small White Light | Light used on Undilated pupils |
| Large White light | Light used on Dilated Pupils |
| Blue Light | Used to detect lesions when fluorine dye is used. |
| Green Light | Filters out red light |
| Grid | Used to locate structures and lesions |
| Slit of Light | used to determine shape of lesions |
| Tape measure | used to measure height, length, and width |
| Measurement in Infants | Measurements in __________. - Head Circumference - Length/ width |
| Measurement in adults | Measurements in ___________. -Girth measurements -Neck Circumference -Muscle measurements -Limbs |
| Tympanic Temperature | senses infrared emission of the tympanic membrane(eardrum). It shares the same vascular supply that perfuses the hypothalamus. - It is the most accurate measurement of core temperature. - Place in ear canal and read 2 to 3 seconds later. |
| Blood Pressure Cuff | Measures the force of blood pushing against the side of the vessel wall. |
| Systolic Pressure | maximum pressure felt on the artery during left ventricular contraction. |
| Diastolic Pressure | Elastic Recoil, or resting, pressure that the blood exerts constantly between each contraction. |
| Pulse pressure | Difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures and reflects the stroke volume. |
| Sphygmomanometer (BP Cuff) | Device that measures blood Pressure |
| Parts of BP Cuff | - Aneroid Gauge: - Inflatable rubber bladder |
| Aneroid Gauge | subject to drift: must be recalibrated at least once a year. |
| Inflatable rubber bladder | - width should equal 40% of arm circumference. Length should equal 80% of arm circumference |
| Inspection | concentrated watching. It is close, careful scrutiny, first of the individual as a whole, then of each part of the body |
| Palpation | Assessment that applies the sense of touch to assess: - texture, temperature, moisture, organ location and size, as well as any swelling, vibrations, or pulsation, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, presence of lumps or masses, and presence of tenderness or pain. |
| Percussion | ... |
| Auscultation | ... |
| Anterior Thoracic Landmarks | - Suprasternal Notch - Sternum - Sternal Angle - Coastal Angle |
| Suprasternal Notch | Hollow U-shaped depression just above the sternum, in between the clavicles. |
| Sternum | Breastbone, has three parts - Manubrium - Body - Xiphoid Process |
| Sternal Angle | aka "angle of Louis" - useful space to start counting ribs. - Located near 2nd rib and 2nd intercoastal space. - Upper border of atria of heart right underneath. |
| Coastal Angle | - Formed by right and left costal margins form an angle where they meet at xiphoid process |
| Posterior Thoracic Landmarks | - Vertebra Prominence (C7) - Spinous Processes - Inferior Border of the Scapula - Twelfth Rib |
| Vertebra prominence | - C7 When neck is flexed, it is the bony prominence |
| Reference Lines | - Midsternal - Midclavicular - Verterbral (Midspinal) - Scapular Line - Anterior Axillary - Posterior Axillary - Midaxillary |
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