First Aid
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Created by:
allenlarosa on September 28, 2012
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18 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Three Objectives to First Aid | Prevent further injury, prevent further infection, and the loss of life. |
| Four Methods of Controlling Bleeding | Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and the use of a tourniquet as a last resort. |
| What is a pressure point and how many are there? | Where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone. There are 11 pressure points on each side of the body. |
| Types of Pressure Points | Facial Artery (jaw), Common Carotid Artery (neck), Brachial Artery ( inner elbow), Popliteal Artery (knee). |
| Three Types of Burns | First Degree: redness, mild pain. Second Degree: redness, blistering, severe pain. Third Degree: destroyed skin tissue, nerve endings destroyed. |
| Types of Fractures | Closed/Simple: broken bone without puncturing skin. Open/Compound: punctured skin with possible bone protrusion. |
| Electric Shock | When a person comes into contact with an electric energy source. |
| Obstructed Airways | Inability to talk, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing, bluish skin color. |
| Heat Exhaustion | Disturbance of bloodflow to the brain, heart, and lungs. Skin is cool, moist, and clammy. Pupils are dilated. Sweating profusely. |
| Heat Stroke | Unable to eliminate excessive body heat buildup. Hot/Dry skin, Uneven pupil dilation, Weak and rapid pulse. |
| Hypothermia | General cooling of whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperature. Pale or unconscious, shallow and slow breathing, faint pulse, skin feels semi-rigid, stiff limbs. |
| Superficial Frostbite | When ice crystals are forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to 32 degrees or lower. |
| Deep Frostbite | When ice crystals are forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to 32 degrees or lower. |
| Septic Shock | Bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins. Common causes are pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, and meningitis. |
| Anaphylactic Shock | Hypersensitivity or allergic reaction. Caused by insect stings, medicines, or foods. |
| Cardiogenic Shock | When heart is damaged and unable to supply sufficient blood to the body. Results in heart attack or congestive heart failure. |
| Hypovolemic Shock | Caused by severe blood and fluid loss, which makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body. |
| Neurogenic Shock | Caused by spinal cord injury, usually as a result of a traumatic accident or injury. |
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