Pericardium and Heart-Anatomy
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Created by:
hoorayschool on September 29, 2012
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test 2
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The pericardium is a | fibrous sac surrounding the heart and roots of the great vessels. |
| The fibrous pericardium fuses superiorly with the | adventitia of SVC, ascending aorta, and pulmonary arteries |
| The pericardium is fused inferiorly with the | central tendon of the diaphragm. |
| the pericardium is largely overlapped by the | two pleural sacs and lungs |
| Where the pleural sacs deviate, it contacts the | posterior surface of the sternum and 4th and 5th left intercostal spaces. |
| Laterally, the mediastinal pleura drapes over the surface of the pericardium sandwiching the: | phrenic nerve and pericardiacophrenic artery and vein |
| Posteriorly, pericardium contacts the: | esophagus, descending thoracic aorta, and main bronchi |
| Layers of Pericardium | -outer layer of dense connective tissue called the fibrous pericardium. -inner serous part that includes a parietal layer and a visceral layer |
| The serous part is in the form of an | enclosed sac with a potential space between the parietal and visceral layers called the pericardial cavity |
| The fibrous pericardium is | inelastic and functions to retain the heart in position and limit its distension |
| The parietal layer of the serous pericardium is | closely adherent to the fibrous pericardium. |
| The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is more | loosely bound to the heart and is also called the epicardium |
| Under the epicardium is | loose connective tissue containing fat and blood vessels(coronaries). |
| The heart is completely invested in epicardium except the | posterior, irregular area between the venae cavae and pulmonary vv. where myocardium contacts fibrous pericardium. |
| Pericardial sinuses | Spaces created during development when the heart and pericardium folds up |
| Sinus between the pulmonary veins | oblique pericardial sinus |
| Sinus between arteries and veins | transverse pericardial sinus |
| Blood supply to the pericardium is via the | ericardiacophrenic arteries, musculophrenic arteries, branches of the thoracic aorta (bronchial, esophageal, and superior phrenic) and coronary arteries (to visceral layer only) |
| Venous drainage of pericardium is via | pericardiacophrenic vv, internal thoracic vv., and tributaries of the azygos system. |
| Somatic sensory innervation to the fibrous and parietal layers is via the | phrenic nerves |
| Visceral sensory to the epicardium is via the | cardiac plexuses (the epicardium is insensitive to pain) |
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