Biology-Organic/Inorganic Compounds
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Created by:
hamiltonce on November 17, 2009
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Stuff for mrs. gunns test
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Function of a Protien | consists of one or more polypeptides that have been precisely twisted, folded, and coiled into a unique shape |
| Naming Enzymes | enzymes are custom made to match certian molecues (add ase to the end.) examples would be protease breaks down protiens |
| Ose | Words ending in ose (glucose, fructose) are sugars |
| Ase | Words ending in ase (lactase, protease) are enzymes |
| Enzyme | protiens that acts as catalyts for intermediate metabolic reactions. they allow chemical reactions to take place with less activation energy |
| just got to know | electrons want to be with protons, and to do so they need to break a bond. before that bond is broken there is a lot of potiential energy. Once the bond is broken the energy released is the energy used to do work |
| ATP | (Adenosin Triphosphate) contains nucleotides. Its structure consists of adenosine and a tail of 3 phosphates |
| Adenosine | adenine + ribose |
| Nucleotide | Phosphate-Sugar-Base |
| Nucleic Acid | complex organic molecules made up of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogeneous base that stores information. ex. RNA & DNA |
| Pigments | lipid structures with a metal atom at the center which determines the color. example would be chlorophyl |
| Peptide Bond | 2 amino acids bond by a condensation reaction where H from the amine bond from which OH from the carboxyl bond to form water and a depiptide |
| Protiens | most structurally complex molecules known. have complex 3D shape |
| Polypeptide | long chain of amino acids |
| Phospholipids | found in the cell membrane. they help control the movement of matter in and out of the cell membrane |
| Steriods | lipids consisting of 4 carbon rings that are insoluble in water/ Examples- hormones and cholestrol |
| Types of Lipids | 1.Triglycerides 2.Waxes 3.Phospholipids 4.Steriods 5.Pigments |
| Wax | a type of lipid made up of a long fatty acid joined by a long alcohol chain. |
| Triglycerides | a macromolecule consisting of 3 fatty acid and a glycerol molecule. the 3 fatty acids bonf to the glycerol through a condensation reaction |
| Catalyst | any subsatnce that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction |
| Inorganic Compounds | generally derived from non-living things, and don't contain carbon. |
| Polysaccharide | Starches.... example-glycogen |
| Carbon Compounds | form up to 4 covalent bonds with other elements |
| Functional Groups | additional atomic groups that may bond to hydrocarbons. (cluster of atoms) |
| Amino | Nitrogen and 2Hydrogen. |
| Phosphate | Phosphorus 4to the third power Oxygen... (sorry cant do subscripts) |
| Water Uses | Solvent, Heat Control, Osmosis, Homeostasis, Diffusion Meduim of Molecules, and Removes Waste |
| Monosaccharides | smaller molecules that contain carbon, hyrdrogen and oxygen. A.K.A Simple Sugars |
| Carbohydrates | Carbon 2Hydrogen Oxygen. Purpose- short energy source |
| Polymers | broken down by a hydrolysis reaction in which a molecule is added when a bond is broken |
| Disaccharide | Double Sugar...examples- sucrose, lactose |
| Hydroxyl | OH |
| Organic Compounds | Derived from living or once living things that in most cases contain carbon |
| Hydrocarbons | Organic compouns- hydrogen and carbon bonds may be chained, branched, or rings |
| Carboxyl | Carbon Oxygen Oxygen Hydrogen |
| Monomer | a simple molecule that can be bonded together by a condensation reaction to form polymers |
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