| Term | Definition |
| mineral | natural inorganic solid with definite chemical composition and a particular crystalline structure. |
| precipitation | when the liquid part of a mineral-containing solution evaporates, leaving the mineral |
| carbonate | mineral group containing carbon and oxygen |
| silicate | mineral group containing silicon and oxygen |
| oxide | mineral group containing oxygen |
| sulfate | mineral group containing sulfur and oxygen |
| sulfide | mineral group containing sulfur |
| halide | mineral group containing clorine or flourine |
| crystal | arrangement of atoms in a mineral that form a specific shape |