Pathology Exam 3 - Skin
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Created by:
carrie_wang on November 18, 2009
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134 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 who gets histiocytomas? | young dogs |
| benign tumor of the dog, from langerhans cells of the epidermis | histiocytoma |
| what kind of cell is a histiocytoma made from? | langerhans cells of the epidermis |
| who gets mast cell tumors? | dogs, cats, horses |
| are mast cell tumors benign or malignant? | both |
| are histiocytomas benign or malignant? | benign |
| who gets fibromas? | dog and cat |
| who gets fibrosarcomas? | cats |
| how does a fibrosarcoma develop? | spontaneously or secondary to vaccination |
| what are some characteristics of the malignancy of a fibrosarcoma? | locally invasive, high recurrence rate, low metastasis rate |
| who gets sarcoid tumors? | horses |
| what is a sarcoid? | fibroblast tumor |
| is a sarcoid benign or malignant? | benign |
| what are the malignancy characteristics of a sarcoid? | high recurrence rate, does not met |
| what does a sarcoid look like? | scar |
| who gets lipomas? | dogs |
| is a lipoma malignant or benign? | benign |
| who gets plasma cell tumors? | dogs |
| is a plasma cell tumor benign or malignant? | benign |
| where do dogs get plasma cell tumors? | skin and oral cavity |
| who gets hemangiomas? | dogs |
| malignant tumor from endothelium, will recur and may met | hemangiosarcoma |
| fibroblast tumor of the horse | sarcoid |
| what cell is a fibroma/fibrosarcoma made of? | fibroblast |
| which tumor is vaccine induced? | fibrosarcoma |
| what does the adnexa consist of? | hair follicle, hair, sebaceous gland, sweat gland |
| what cell gives rise to the adnexa? | basal cell |
| who gets basal cell tumors? | cats and dogs |
| what do basal cell tumors look like? | firm and white |
| firm and white tumor that is benign in dog and cat | basal cell tumor |
| trichoepithelioma is a tumor arising from what? | hair follicle |
| who gets trichoepitheliomas? | dogs |
| what is a hair follicle tumor? | trichoepithelioma |
| what is a pilomatricoma? | tumor from the hair matrix |
| what does a trichoepithelioma make? | hair follicle and hair |
| what does a pilomatricoma make? | hair |
| what is a hair matrix tumor? | pilomatricoma |
| who gets sebaceous gland tumors? | dogs |
| what kind of sebaceous gland tumors are there? | adenoma and adenocarcinoma |
| sebaceous gland _________ is more common | adenoma |
| this tumor includes the sweat glands, ceruminous glands of the external ear, and the apocrine glands of the anal sac | apocrine gland gumor |
| apocrine gland ________ is more common | adenocarcinoma |
| who gets perianal gland tumors most commonly? | male dogs |
| who gets apocrine gland tumors? | dogs and cats |
| are perianal gland tumors benign or malignant? | benign |
| what and where are perianal glands? | sebaceous glands around anus, prepuce, tailhead |
| who usually gets glands of the anal sac tumors? | females |
| are glands of the anal sac tumors benign or malignant? | malignant |
| a malignant neoplasm of the epidermal squamous cells. locally invasive, likely to recur, low met potential | squamous cell carcinoma |
| location of squamous cell carcinoma in cats: | nose, pinna |
| location of squamous cell carcinoma in dogs: | skin and oral cavity |
| location of squamous cell carcinoma in horses: | penis, vulva, eye, stomach |
| location of squamous cell carcinoma in cows: | eyes |
| location of melanoma in dog (and malignancy status): | skin (benign) and oral cavity (mal) |
| location of melanoma in horse (and malignancy status): | perineum of old grey horses (benign) |
| papillomas are most often seen in whom? | young cattle, (horse, dog) |
| norwegian elkhounds are predisposed to what skin tumor? | intracutaneous cornifying epithelioma (keratoacanthoma) |
| hair loss that is either primary or secondary to a skin disease | alopecia |
| what's the most important cause of primary alopecia? | endocrine skin disease |
| what's the common kind of endocrine skin disease that causes alopecia? | hypothyroidism |
| what do you see with endocrine skin disease? | alopecia (bilaterally symmetrical) |
| hyperplasia of the epidermis is called what? | acanthosis |
| what is acanthosis? | hyperplasia of the epidermis, thickened |
| what is lichenification? | leathery texture of skin |
| what are some characteristics of hyperplastic dermatitis? | acanthosis, lichenification, hyperpigmentation |
| chronic skin disease presents with ______ | hyperplastic dermatitis |
| inflammation in the skin that arises from blood vessels of the dermis, inflammation starts perivascularly and spreads | perivascular dermatitis |
| inflammation of the superficial dermis (at the epidermis - dermis junction) | interface dermatitis |
| dense band of inflammation in the superficial dermis | lichenoid dermatitis |
| what kinds of dermatitis are seen in many autoimmune skin diseases? | interface and lichenoid dermatitis |
| what's the diff between interface and lichenoid dermatitis? | lichenoid is a dense band of inflammation, but both are in the superficial dermis |
| firm swellings in the dermis, SQ | nodular dermatitis |
| how do you diagnose a nodular dermatitis? | biopsy |
| what can cause a nodular dermatitis? | infection or neoplasm |
| inflammation of the SQ in dogs and cats | panniculitis |
| what are the causes of panniculitis? | injury, infection, nutrition, idiopathic |
| what is furunculosis? | nodular dermatitis due to hair follicle rupture due to disease |
| inflammation of the dermis, centered on the adnexa. a nodular dermatitis that's not infectious and responds to steroid therapy | sterile granulomatous/pyogranulomatous nodular dermatitis |
| excess keratin on the skin surface, producing flakes/scales | hyperkeratosis (seborrhea) |
| what are the two kinds of hyperkeratosis? | hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis |
| what does hyperkeratosis look like? | no nuclei in keratinized cells |
| what does parakeratosis look like? | nucleus retained in keratinized cells |
| parakeratosis is diagnostic of what? | zinc and vitamin A deficiency |
| what is seborrhea? | gross appearance of hyperkeratosis |
| what causes seborrhea? | inherited defect in keratinization |
| what are the most common mite infections? | sarcoptes and chorioptes |
| what do mites cause? | perivascular dermatitis with hyperkeratosis |
| what's a macule? | flat, discolored area of skin, less than 1 cm |
| what's a papule? | slightly raised area of the skin |
| what's erythema? | reddening of a macule or papule |
| what causes necrotizing dermatitis? | erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, burns, photosenitization, systemic bacterial infections, foot rot |
| what's the cause of erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis? | adverse drug rxn |
| what is erythema multiforme? | necrosis of single keratinocytes in the epidermis |
| what is toxic epidermal necrolysis (ten)? | severe form of erythema multiforme, entire epidermis is necrotic |
| burns affect what part of the skin? | epidermis and dermis |
| what do burns cause? | necrotizing dermatitis |
| what does photosensitization cause? | necrotizing dermatitis |
| how does a large animal get photosensitization necrotizing dermatitis? | eat a photodynamic agent or secondary to chronic liver disease |
| systemic bacterial infections in the skin can cause what? | necrotizing dermatitis |
| what kinds of bacteria will cause necrotizing dermatitis? | erysipelothrix, salmonella |
| what will foot rot cause in the skin? | necrotizing dermatitis |
| who gets foot rot? | cattle and sheep |
| what's the most common cause of allergic skin disease? | atopy |
| what's atopy? | inhaled allergy |
| what is the most common cause of exudative dermatitis? | allergic skin disease |
| a group of 3 different diseases that are caused by a hypersensitivity rxn/allergy: | eosinophilic granuloma complex |
| who gets eosinophilic granuloma complex? | cats, horses, (dogs) |
| chemicals and plastics contact skin and cause allergic rxn | allergic contact dermatitis |
| irritating substances coming into contact with skin will cause what? | irritant contact dermatitis |
| what is another name for hot spots? | pyotraumatic dermatitis |
| how does a dog get pyotraumatic dermatitis? | self inflicted trauma due to allergic skin disease |
| aggregates of neutrophils caused by either infectious agents or immune-mediated | pustules |
| what are the infectious causes of pustules? | bacteria, fungi, folliculitis |
| what are the immune-mediated causes of pustules? | pemphigus foliaceus |
| what is pyoderma? | inflammation of the skin that's mainly made of neutrophils |
| what happens after a pustule ruptures? | forms a crust |
| what's the usual bacterial cause of pustules? | staphylococcus |
| what's the usual fungal cause of pustules? | dermatophytes (microsporum, trichophyton) |
| pustules over the hair follicles indicate what? | folliculitis |
| what's folliculitis? | inflammation of the hair follicle, due to bacteria, fungi, or demodex |
| what does pemphigus foliaceus cause? | pustular dermatitis |
| what causes pemphigus foliaceus? | Ab directed against bridges between keratinocytes, cells separate from each other |
| what is it called in pemphigus foliaceus when keratinocytes separate from each other and float in the pustule? | acanothlytic cells |
| what's a vesicle? | fluid filled cavity less than 5 mm diameter |
| what's a bulla? | vesicle more than 5 mm diameter |
| what's spongiosus? | edema between keratinocytes |
| what's intracellular edema? | edema within keratinocytes |
| hydropic degneration is seen with what diseases? | lupus, dermatomyositis, drug reactions |
| what is hydropic degneration? | intracellular edema within basal cells |
| what is ballooning degeneration? | intracellular edema within superficial keratinocytes |
| what causes ballooning degeneration? | viral skin diseases and vesicular diseases |
| vesicular dermatitis is seen with the AI diseases _______ and ________ | pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid |
| what is the Ab directed against in pemphigus vulgaris? | keratinocyte |
| what is the Ab directed against in bullous pemphigoid? | basement membrane |
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