World Civ. 10.1+Mosaics
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Created by:
carterhelschien on November 20, 2009
Classes:
CLASS OF 2014, The Alexandria of Boca Pine Crest, PC Boca peeps, Seventh Grade Pine Crest Boca, pine crest seventh grade, PC ALL 2014
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61 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What was the Byzantine Empire's secret weapon? | Greek fire |
| What was Greek fire? | A flammable oil-based substance that they would put in pots and throw on ships (Could NOT be put out by water; instead, had to be put out by sand or dirt) |
| Explain how the Byzantine Empire had wise diplomacy. | They married foreign powers to make alliances (If they sent a prince to marry a princess in A, they would tell B that C was planning to attack them. Then they would tell C that B was going to attack them, and they both would be neutralized) |
| _____was the basis of English and U.S. laws. | Corpus Jurias Civilis |
| Who were two emperors in the Roman Empire who reformed? | Constantine and Diocletian |
| ____was the emperor who split the Roman Empire in two. | Diocletian |
| Diocletian's top priority as emperor was ____. | defense |
| What were two accomplishments of Diocletian? | Drives barbarians out of empire; individual freedom becomes secondary; wanted wages and prices to be controlled, but ultimately fails |
| Name three accomplishments of Constantine/ | Unites empire again; becomes sole emperor; moves capital from Rome to Byzantium, which later becomes Constantinople |
| What is Constantinople modernly called? | Istanbul |
| True or False: "byzantine" politics are good. | False: They are bad |
| Why did the Byzantine Empire have a strong government? | It was centralized with a strong emperor (autocrat); revised laws; well paid, loyal officials to carry out policies; clever diplomacy (arranged marriages and kept neighbors fighting each other) |
| True or False: Constantinople was a peninsula. | True |
| What is a centralized government? | Government where all of the jobs of the government are done in one place. |
| The United States is a ____ government. | centralized |
| Rome was a ____ government. | centralized |
| Why did the Byzantine Empire have a strong economy? | Diversified (agriculture, manufacturing, trading); location (Dardanelles, Sea of Marmara, Bosporus, Black Sea); taxed imports; captured silk industry |
| Constantinople was in a good location because it was between what two straits and two seas? | Dardanelles (strait), Bosporus (strait), Black Sea, and Sea of Marmara |
| What is a mosaic? | Picture or design made from small pieces of enamel, glass, or stone |
| What would a religious figure have in a mosaic? | Halo (circle around head); white tunic |
| What would an emperor have in a mosaic? | Halo; cross on head; purple clothing; pendulia on crown; red shoes; scrolls, scepter, or bible |
| What are pendulia? | Jeweled ornaments that would hang from an emperor's crown |
| What would an official have in a mosaic? | White tunic with purple |
| Why was location important in a mosaic? | The higher up a person was the more important that person was |
| How were feet supposed to be in a mosaic? | Downward, as if floating |
| How would the bodies look in a mosaic? | Elongated |
| How were the facial expressions in a mosaic? | Reserved, with no extreme emotions (showed a control over emotions) |
| What is a tablion? | Badge of office in the form of a richly woven or embroidered patch of cloth applied to garments. |
| What is a heretic? | Person who has committed heresy |
| What was the West's view on icons? | They allowed them due to the fact that most people in the West were illiterate, and the icons portrayed religious beliefs that they otherwise would not have obtained |
| What was the East's view on icons? | They condemned icons due to the belief that it was the same as worshiping an idol. |
| Who was head of the church in the West? | Pope |
| Who was head of the church in the East? | Patriarch of Constantinople |
| What action was taken by leaders in the East regarding icons? | Emperor Leo III ordered the destruction of icons. |
| What was the action taken by leaders in the West regarding icons? | Decided banning icons is heresy and threaten Emperor Leo III with excommunication. |
| What is heresy? | Acts that go against the beliefs of the church |
| What is excommunication and how was it bad? | Making a person unable to participate in church; it made people think you did something bad and affected your social and economical status |
| Who were in the clergy? | Pope, patriarchs, bishops, priests |
| Who were in the the secular class? | Wealthy and common people |
| What was the West's opinion on the trinity? | Believed it was equal |
| What was the East's opinion of the trinity? | Believed father is supreme |
| On the issues that the west and east disagreed on, what was the West's view for each one? | No married priests allowed; veneration accepted; Pope was supreme authority; accepted view that the Holy Spirit was equal |
| On the issues that the west and east disagreed on, what was the East's view for each one? | Married priests allowed; veneration initially rejected, later accepted; rejected supremacy of Roman Pope over local leaders; supremacy of father in trinity |
| What name does the West give their church after 1054 A.D.? | Roman Catholic Church |
| What name does the East give their church after 1054 A.D.? | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| What language did the Eastern Orthodox Church have? | Greek |
| What language did the Roman Catholic Church have? | Latin |
| What does Catholic mean? | Universal |
| What does Orthodox mean? | Correct beliefs |
| What were the reasons the church split, in order. | Leadership issue, equality of trinity, veneration of icons, marriage of priests |
| Who had more icons, the West or the East? | East (this was ironic) |
| What is the greatest form of Byzantine architecture? | Hagia Sophia |
| Hagia Sophia means what? | Holy wisdom |
| How many years after the Nika Revolt was the Hagia Sophia completed? | Six years |
| What shape was the Hagia Sophia built in? | The shape of a cross |
| Describe the layout of the Hagia Sophia? (Ex. Round, rectangular...) | Round dome constructed over rectangular building |
| The Hagia Sophia was converted to a what by whom? | Mosque, Ottoman Turks |
| What did the Ottoman Turks add to the Hagia Sophia? | Four minarets |
| Name all of the events, in chronological order, that led to the downfall of the Byzantine Empire? | Justian's death (civil wars broke out); outside invaders (Slavs, Avars, Persians, Lombards); Islamic found (by Seljuq Turks, who were Asia Nomadic people); Seljuq Turks conquer Asia Minor; Ottoman Turks conquer Constantinople |
| What is the time people called where the Western Empire helps the East? | Crusades |
| What is an icon? | Holy Picture of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, or a Saint. |
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