| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Law of Conservation of Energy | energy can not be created or destroyed only changed from one form to another |
| heat | energy due to the random movement of molecules |
| temperature | a measure of the amount of heat in a object |
| mechanical energy | the total energy of motion and position of an object |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| potential energy | energy of position |
| chemical energy | potential energy of a compound due to the arrangement of atoms bonded together |
| nuclear energy | energy associated with the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of atoms |
| electromagnetic energy | force due to the interaction of charged particles within a magnetic field |
| specific heat | the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 degree C |
| fahrenheit | measure of temperature in the English system |
| celsius | measure of temperature in the metric system |
| thermometer | an instrument used to determine temperature |
| conduction | the transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another through direct contact |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a liquid or a gas |
| radiation | the transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves |
| calorie | the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 g of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| 1 calorie | equal to 4.184 joules |
| thermal insulator | a substance that does not conduct heat energy well |
| joule | unit used to express work and energy |
| 1 joule | newton x meter |
| calorimeter | a device used to determine the specific heat of a substance |
| thermodynamics | the branch of physics concerned with the conversion of different forms of energy |
| friction | a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching |
| induction | charging an uncharged object by rearranging electrons without direct contact with any charged object |
| attraction | the force between oppositely charged substances |
| repulsion | the force with which like charges push each other away |
| rule of charge | negative particles attract positive particles and repel other negative particles |
| static | the buildup of electric charges on an object |
| discharge | the loss of electricity as charges move off an object |
| electroscope | an instrument used to determine the presence of a charge on an object |
| current | a continuous flow of charge caused by the motion of electrons |
| ampere | the basic unit of electric current in the international system of measurement |
| voltage | the difference in energy per unit charge as a charge moves between two points |
| volt | the units for voltage |
| resistance | a property of materials that describes how easily electrons flow from one atom to another within the material |
| ohm | the units for resistance |
| open circuit | an interrupted path through which electric charges could flow |
| closed circuit | a complete path through which electric charges flow |
| series circuit | a circuit in which all parts are connected in a single loop so the current can flow in only one path |
| parallel circuit | a circuit in which differrent loads are on separate branches so the current can flow along more than one path |
| alternating current | electric current in which the charges continually switch from flowing in one direction to flowing in the other direction |
| Ohm's law | voltage = current x resistance |
| direct current | electric current in which the charges always flow in the same direction |
Combine with other sets
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