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 shape | the two-dimensional structure of a given object |
| form | the three-dimensional structure of a given object |
| value | the degree of light and dark of an area |
| form shadow | a shadow on a given object which helps to reveal its form |
| shadow edge | the edge where a shadow meets a lighter value |
| reflected light | indirect light reflected from surface to surface |
| cast shadow | a shadow resulting from an object interfering with the light source |
| highlight | the area of lightest value on a given object |
| light source | the direct source and direction of light (determines most value relationships) |
| background | the area and space furthest from the viewer |
| foreground | the area and space closest to the viewer |
| contrast | the difference(s) between darks and lights in an image |
| composition | the arrangement of elements on a given surface |
| unity | undivided or unbroken completeness |
| positive space | the space within an object |
| negative space | the space around and between an object |
| study | a drawing, sketch or painting done in preparation for a finished piece |