Flashcards: Skeletal System
About these flashcards
Created by:
mr_nguyen on November 29, 2009
Subjects:
Groups:
Everest College - Massage Therapy Class of 2012, TPS SPN, EHR Study Group, Surgical Techs, 2011 A & P Labette County HS, Assabet LPN 2012 (see more)
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
All 95 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 axial skeleton | skull, vertebral column, bony thorax |
| appendicular skeleton | bones of the limbs and girdles |
| functions of the bone | support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation |
| things stored by the bones | fat, calcium, phosphorous |
| compact bone | dense, smooth looking bone |
| spongy bone | bone composed of small, needlelike pieces; lots of space |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| epiphyses | ends of long bone |
| periosteum | connective tissue membrane surrounding diaphysis |
| epiphyseal line | in adults; remnant of epiphyseal plate |
| epiphyseal plate | hyaline cartilage in young, growing bone |
| osteocytes | mature bone cells |
| projections/processes | markings that grow out from the bone surface |
| depressions/cavities | markings that are indentations in the bone |
| ossification | process of bone formation |
| ostoblasts | bone-forming cells |
| appositional growth | diameter bone growth |
| PTH | hormone responsible for regulating calcium levels |
| osteoclasts | bone-destroying cells |
| two factors responsible for for bone remodeling | calcium levels; pull of gravity and muscles |
| reduction | realignment of broken bone ends |
| first step of bone fracture repair | hematoma is formed |
| second step of bone fracture repair | break is splinted by fibrocartilage |
| third step of bone fracture repair | bony callus is formed |
| fourth step of bone fracture repair | bone remodeling occurs |
| hyoid bone | only bone that does not directly come in contact with other bones |
| mandible | only bone with a movable joint in the face |
| fontanels | fibrous membrane connecting cranial bones in fetuses |
| articular cartilage | covers ends of long bones; decreases friction |
| collagen fibers | provides flexibility and strength |
| open fracture | bone fracture that breaks through the skin |
| closed fracture | bone fracture that does not break through the skin |
| comminuted fracture | bone breaks into many fragments |
| compression | bone is crushed |
| depressed | bone is pressed inward |
| impacted | broken bone ends are forced into each other |
| spiral | break that occurs from excessive twisting |
| greenstick | incomplete break |
| suture | immovable joint in the cranium |
| sagittal suture | connects two parietal bones together |
| sella turcica | depression in sphenoid bone that holds pituitary gland |
| foramen magnum | large opening in occipital bone that allows spinal cord to attach to brain |
| lacrimal bone | allows tears to travel down |
| zygomatic bone | cheek bone |
| 7 | number of bones that make up the cervical vertebrae |
| 12 | number of bones that make up the thoracic vertebrae |
| 5 | number of bones that make up the lumbar vertebrae |
| invertebral discs | pads of flexible fibrocartilage that cushion between vertebrae |
| vertebral foramen | canal through which spinal cord passes |
| atlas | C1 bone; allows one to nod |
| axis | C2 bone; allows one to pivot neck |
| coccyx | tailbone |
| bones that make up the sternum | manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
| true ribs | first 7 pairs of ribs; attach directly to sternum |
| false ribs | last 5 pairs of ribs; attach indirectly to sternum |
| floating ribs | last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum |
| shoulder girdle | clavicle and scapula |
| glenoid cavity | socket in scapular that receives head of humerus |
| factors that allow free movement of upper limb | shoulder girdle attached at ONLY one point; loose attachment of scapula allows it to slide back and forth; shallow glenoid cavity with loose ligaments |
| capitulum | ball-like head of humerus |
| interosseous membrane | flexible membrane connecting radius and ulna & tibia and fibula |
| carpal bones | bones of the wrist |
| metacarpals | bones of the palm |
| pelvic girdle | two coxal bones (aka hip bones) |
| ilia | large, flaring bone portion of hip bones |
| ischium | most inferior part of hip bone; the "sit down" bone |
| pubis | most anterior part of hip bone |
| acetabulum | point of fusion of ilia, ischium and pubis; receives head of femur |
| false pelvis | superior to true pelvis |
| true pelvis | surrounded by bone and lies inferior to flaring parts of the ilia; passage for infant at birth in women |
| femur | thigh bone |
| patellar surface | smooth area where patella rests to form knee cap |
| tibia | shinbone |
| tarsus | posterior half of foot |
| calcaneus | heelbone |
| talus | ankle |
| metatarsals | sole of the foot |
| foot arch | ligaments and tendons hold bones in foot together providing springiness |
| functions of joints | hold bones together; give mobility |
| synarthroses | immovable joint |
| amphiarthroses | slightly movable joints |
| diarthroses | freely movable joints |
| functional classification of joints | synarthroses; amphiarthroses; diarthroses |
| structural classification of joints | fibrous; cartilaginous; synovial |
| fibrous joints | united by fibrous tissue; i.e. sutures |
| cartilaginous joints | bone ends connected by cartilage; i.e. intervertebral joints |
| synovial joints | bone ends separated by joint cavity w/synovial fluid; i.e knee |
| features of synovial joints | articular cartilage; fibrous articular capsule; joint cavity; reinforcing ligaments |
| bursae | flattened fibrous sacs lined w/synovial membrane, contains synovial fluid; common where things rub together |
| tendon sheath | elongated bursa that wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction |
| plane joint | short slipping or gliding movements; i.e. carpals |
| hinge joint | angular movement allowed in one plane; i.e. elbow |
| pivot joint | rotating bone turns around an axis; i.e. connection between radius/ulna and humerus |
| ball and socket joint | spherical head of one bone fits into a round socket in another; i.e. shoulder |
| types of synovial joints | plane, hinge, pivot, ball-and-socket (condyloid and saddle) |
Set Champions
Scatter Champion
16.7 secs by johnnybaroud
Space Race Champion
12,310 points by angeliner12