Chemical Reactions & Enzymes
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Most enzymes are made of this macromolecule | protein |
| Most enzymes are ___ or ___ structures | tertiary or quaternary |
| Enzymes act as a ___ | catalyst |
| A catalyst is ___ | something that accelerates a reaction |
| Enzymes ____ specific for what they catalyze | specific |
| Enzymes ____ be reused | can |
| The ending found in most enyzmes is | "ase" |
| Enzymes work by --__ | weakening the bonds which lowers activation energy |
| Enzymes ___ activation energy for a catalyzed reaction | lowers |
| A substrate is __ | the substance that an enzyme acts on |
| The active site | a restricted region of an enzyme molecule which binds to the substrate |
| Induced fit | a change in the shape of an enzymes active site |
| ___ induces an enzyme to change the shape of its active site | substrate |
| The effect that high temperatures have on enzymes | they denature (unfold) the enzyme |
| pH for most enzymes | 6-8 |
| Inorganic substances that are needed for enzymes to work properly | zinc, iron, vitamins |
| An enzyme inhibitor can be ___ or ___ | competitive or noncompetitive |
| Competitive inhibitors | chemicals that resemble an enzymes normal substrate and compete with it for an active site |
| If a competitive inhibitor blocks the active site, the ___ can not fit | substrate |
| Non-competitive inhibitors | inhibitors that do not enter the active site but bind to another part of the enzyme causing the enzyme to change its shape |
| A chemical reaction is a | process that changes, transforms one set of chemicals into another |
| During chemical transformation __ and __ are conserved | mass and energy |
| Reactants | the elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
| Products | the elements or compounds that are produced by a chemical reaction |
| Some chemical reactions ___ energy, others ___ energy | release, absorb |
| chemical reactions that release energy often occur | spontaneously |
| activation energy | the energy needed to get a reaction started |
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