Tissue perfusion & capillary dynamics chapter 19
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What is the bodies response to circulatory shock> | Increase heart rate & release of vasoconstrictors such as NE/E and angiotensin II |
| what is cardiogenic shock? | from heart failure |
| what is vascular shock | From extreme vasodilation due to infection or immune response |
| What is hypovolemic shock | Loss in blood volume |
| 3 broad types of circulatory shock what are they? | hypovolemic shock, vascular shock, cardiogenic shock |
| When does circulatory shock occur? | if the amount of blood within the blood vessels is inadequate to meet tissue needs |
| Edema causes what? | low levels of plasma protein, increase in blood pressure, loss of lymph node, increase in capillary permeability due to inflammation |
| what is edema? | excess fluid in tissues |
| What is the function of lymphatics? | to collect "lost fluid" and return circulation |
| capillary blood pressure is great where? | on arteriole side |
| During inflammation released chemicals make the vessels leaky to what? | proteins |
| liver capillaries are anatomically designed to be what? | leaky(sinusoid) |
| Proteins in general do not pass unless what? | capillaries leaky or via exocytosis |
| what diffuse through "pores or clefts" ? | small water soluble nutrients |
| What diffuses through thin cells? | Lipid soluble solutes like gas exchange |
| metabolic control is....? | smooth muscle of terminal arterioles and precapillary sphincters are sensitive to locally produced chemicals |
| What is the myogenic mechanism important for? | to protect capillary beds if there is an acute change in blood pressure |
| If flow is down, and stretch is down=? | reflex of vasodilation to increase blood flow |
| If flow is up and stretch is up=? | vasoconstriction reflex |
| What are the 2 autoregulatory mechanisms? | myogenic mechanism and metabolic control |
| do all tissues need the same amount of blood flow? | no, flow is regulated to match local needs |
| slow flow rate is critical for what? | diffusion of oxygen nutrients and waste |
| blood flow is slow in capillaries why? | Proportional to the total area and capillaries have the greatest area(arteries the least) |
| Capillary bed cells are pourous except where in the body? | Brain |
| Capillary beds contain what type of cells? | single layer of squamous epithelial or endothelial cells |
| Tissue perfusion supplies blood to where? | pulmonary circuit-lungs/gas exchange AND systemic circuit-body tissues |
| Tissue perfusion/capillary dynamics occurs where? | In the capillary beds |
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