heart anatomy
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Created by:
cledreyes Plus on October 11, 2012
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 the heart is the size of a | fist |
| location of heart | middle of chest, left of midline |
| heart is adhered to | superior surface of diaphragm |
| the heart is anterior to the | vertebral column |
| double walled sac around heart is called | pericardium |
| the pericardium is composed of ____ pericardium and a ___ pericardium | superficial fibrous layer pericardium deep-2 layer serous pericardium |
| the deep 2 layer serous pericardium is made of 2 layers called | parietal visceral |
| the parietal and visceral are separated by the ___ that contains___ fluid | pericardial cavity containing pericardial fluid |
| the layer that lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium is | parietal |
| the layer that lines the surface of the heart is called | visceral |
| the visceral layer is also known as the | epicardium |
| The 4 functions of the pericardium | protects anchors prevents allows |
| what does the pericardium protect | protects heart |
| what does the pericardium anchor | anchors heart |
| what does the pericardium prevent | prevents overfilling of heart with blood |
| what does the pericardium allow | allows for heart to work in friction free environment |
| cardiac muscle layer forming the bulk of the heart | myocardium |
| crisscrossing, interlacing layer of connective tissue | fibrous skeleton of the heart |
| endothelial layer of the inner myocardial surface | endocardium |
| 4 main Blood vessels that return blood to the heart include | superior/inferior vena cava right/left pulmonary veins |
| 2 main blood vessels conveying blood away from the heart include | pulmonary trunk ascending aorta |
| pulmonary trunk splits into __ and ___ | right pulmonary arteries left pulmonary arteries |
| how many branches does the ascending aorta have | 3 |
| Name the 3 branches of the ascending aorta | Brachicephalic Left common Carotid Subclavian Arteries |
| the ___veins supply &drain the exterior heart | cardiac veins |
| Name the 3 cardiac veins | great cardiac veins anterior cardiac small cardiac |
| the 4 arteries that supply & drain the exterior heart | right/left coronary circumflex marginal arteries anterior interventricular arteries |
| 2 Major vessels that return blood to the heart | superior/inferior venae cavae right/left pulmonary vein |
| 2 major vessels that convey blood away from the heart are | aorta right/left pulmonary arteries |
| where is the blood held during contraction and dumps into right atrium | coronary sinus |
| receiving chambers of the heart are the__ | atria |
| each atrium has a protruding__ | auricle |
| If auricle is holding blood what does that mean? | There is a problem |
| the muscles that mark the atrial walls are called | pectinate muscles |
| blood enters right atria from the _____ and ___ | superior/inferior vena cava and coronary sinus |
| blood enters left atrium from the ____ | pulmonary vein |
| what are the discharging chambers of the heart | the ventricles |
| what 2 muscles mark the ventricular walls | papillary trabeculae carneae |
| the right ventricle pumps blood into the | pulmonary trunk |
| the left ventricle pumps blood into the | aorta |
| after the aorta the blood goes into the | body |
| after the pulmonary trunk the blood goes into the | lungs |
| the blood that goes into the lungs is _____ | deoxygenated |
| The blood that leaves the aorta is ____ | oxygenated |
| The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is the | tricuspid valve |
| The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is the | mitral or bicuspid valve |
| when the aorta puts blood into the body it is called | system circulation |
| the functional blood supply to the heart muscle itself is called | coronary circulation |
| __ routes ensure blood delivery to heart even if major vessels are occluded | collateral |
| what ensure unidirectional blood flow thru the heart | heart valves |
| the valves that lie between the atria and the ventricles are called | atrioventricular valves (AV) |
| the valves that prevent backflow into the atria when ventricles contract are the | AV valves |
| ____ anchor the valves to the papillary muscles | chordae tendinae |
| the valves that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta | aortic semilunar valve |
| the valve that lies bewtwen the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk | pulmonary semilunar valve |
| the valves that prevent backflow of blood into the ventricles | semilunar valves |
| 5 characteristics of cardiac muscle | striated short fat branched interconnected |
| ____ acts as both a tendon and an insertion | connective tissue endomysium |
| ___ anchor cardiac cells together and allow free passage of ions | intercalated discs |
| what muscle behaves as a functional syncytium | heart muscle |
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