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depression a contour line that forms a closed loop with dashes inside it hilltop a contour line that forms a closed loop with no contour lines inside it valley v-shaped lines pointing upward contour lines symbols used to show elevation, relief, and slope on a topographic map relief the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area plateau a landform with high elevation and a mostly level surface (flat on top) plain an area of mostly flat or gently rolling land; a coastal plain has low elevation, and an interior plain can sometimes have a higher elevation hydrosphere all the water on Earth: lakes, rives, ponds, oceans biosphere all the life on Earth: people, animals, plants lithosphere all the land on Earth: mountains, plateaus, plains, ocean floor atmosphere the mixture of gases that surround Earth: oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide topographic map a close-up view of part of the Earth's surface that shows elevation, slope, and relief slope the rate of change in elevation; contour lines close together means a steep slope, and contour lines further apart show a more gradual slope topography the elevation, relief, and slope of an area of land