Biology Chapter 8
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acceptor molecule | A molecule that accepts excited electrons from the reaction center of a photosystem. The ---vocabulary word--- then sends excited electrons down an electron transport chain. |
| adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | high energy molecule that helps fuel the dark reactions in photosynthesis. |
| bacteria | one-celled, prokaryotic organisms. |
| Calvin Cycle | in the dark reaction stages of photosynthesis, a series of reactions in which Carbon Dioxide is converted to glucose. The ---vocabulary word--- is made possible by the use of ATP and NADPH molecules produced during light reactions. |
| carbon dioxide (CO2) | compound used during the dark reaction of photosynthesis. Provides carbon atoms incorporated into glucose molecules. |
| carotenoids | pigments that transfer light energy during photosynthesis |
| chlorophyll a | a pigment molecule found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy during photosynthesis. The main photosynthesis pigment. |
| chlorophyll b | a pigment that transfers light energy it absorbs to chlorophyll during photosynthesis. |
| chloroplasts | specialized structures within a plant cell that contain all necessary components for the reactions in photosynthesis to occur. |
| cyclic electron flow | movement of electrons from the acceptor molecule in Photosystem I along a series of receptor molecules leading back to Photosystem I. Electrons in ---vocabulary word--- are involved in. |
| dark reactions | the second stage of photosynthesis in which high energy molecule(ATP&NADPH) help to fuel reactions thar convert carbon dioxide into glucose. |
| electron | a negativly charged partical with a very small mas. |
| stroma | area in the chloroplasts surrounding the grana. The dark reactions of photosynthesis occur here. |
| visible light spectrum | portion of the spectrum composed of wavelengths detectable by the human eye |
| water (H2O) | compound broken down during the light reactions of photosynthesis. Provide electrons and protons (hydrogen ions) for later use. |
| electron transport chain (ETC) | Chain of receptor molecules associated with Photosystem I and II. Electron movement provides energy used in the production of ATP molecules. |
| glucose (C6 H12 06) | sugar molecule produced during the dark reactions of photosynthesis. Long term energy storage molecule. |
| grana | two or more stacks of thylakoids. |
| granum | A stack of thylakoids. |
| light energy | energy provided by light. |
| light reactions | The first stage of photosynthesis in which light energy is absorbed and converted to chemical bond energy in ATP & NADPH molecules. |
| nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) | Short term energy stroing molecule. |
| non-cyclic electron flow | Movement of electrons from the acceptor molecule in Photosystem I along a series of receptor molecules leading to the enzyme NADPH + reductase. Electrons in a ---vocabulary word--- are involved in the generation of NADPH. |
| organelles | structures having specific functions found within cells. |
| oxygen (O2) | gas molecule; a wate product of photosynthesis. |
| phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) | Compound containing three carbon atoms produced in dark reactions. |
| photons | particles of light |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants absorb light energy from the sun and use it to convert water ans CO2 into glucose and oxygen. |
| photosystem | A group of pigment molecules, a reaction center, and acceptor molecule that function together during photosynthesis. |
| pigment | A substance that can absorb different wave lengths of light. |
| thylakoids | disk-like structures containing chlorophyll molecule; found in chloroplast. Site of light reactions. |
| reaction center | A special type of Chlorophyll a that accepts electrons from other chlorophyll a molecules. |
| ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) | compound involved in dark reactions of photosynthesis. Binds with CO2 entering the Calvin Cycle. |
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