Earth's Surface test 2
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20 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 three layers of the Earth | crust,mantle,core |
| plates | continent-sized slabs in which the Earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into |
| 3 ways plates can move together by | past each other, toward each other, away from each other |
| earthquake | a vibration or shaking of the Earth's crust |
| faults | where most earthquakes occur, which is where crust along which rock move |
| what causes an earthquake? | the sudden build up and release of energy in rocks |
| How do many earthquakes happen? | where plates are moving past each other |
| focus | the point where the movement of an earthquake first took place |
| epicenter | the point on the surface right above the focus |
| seismograph | an instrument that records earthquake waves |
| mercalli scale | measures the movement and the damage that the earthquake has caused |
| richter scale | measures the energy that is released during an earthquake |
| volcano | a mountain that forms when red-hot melted rock flows through a crack onto the earth's surface |
| magma | melted rock inside the Earth |
| lava | melted rock that reaches the Earth's surface |
| vent | a rocky opening in which magma flows onto the surface through to form volcanic mountains |
| why don't volcanic mountains look the same? | because each type of eruption forms a different type of mountain |
| shield volcanoes | large mountains with gentle slopes |
| cinder cone volcanoes | small volcanoes made up of hardened lava chunks and have steep sides |
| composite volcanoes | mediun sized mountains with steep peaks and gently sloping sides |
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