| Term | Definition |
| simile | is a comparision that uses the words like or as. |
| onomatopoeia | ia the device that results when a word sounds like its. meaning |
| personification | is the technique of assigning human qualities to inanimate ( non-human ) objects. |
| theme | is the author's message or underlying purpose in writing a story, novel, or play |
| characterization | is the device used by an author to develope a character through (1) what that character says and does, ( 2 ) what other people in the story say about him/her and how they react to him/her, and (3) what the author reveals directly or through a narrator. |
| symbolism | is the practice of using an object to represent a belief, idea, superstition, or an institution. |
| foreshadowing | is a technique that authors used to drop hints or clues about what will happen later, thereby helping to build suspence and prepare readers for outcome. |
| irony | results when the outcome of a situation is opposite to what the reader might have expected; irony often creates a surprise ending |
| metaphor | is a comparision that does not use the words like or as |
| alliteration | results when a sentence contains the repetition of the same sound |
| plot | consists of the episodes or the events that make up the action |
| character | is a make-believe person ( or animal ) in a work of fiction |
| setting | the consists of the time and the place of the action |
| conflict | is the struggle between two opposing forces; this struggle forms the basis for the plot |
| flashback | recreates a scene that took place at an earlier time and tells it as if it is happening at the present moment |